SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0

Release Bulletin SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for HP-UX  Release Bulletin SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for IBM AIX  Release Bulletin SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for Linux  Release Bulletin SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 Solaris  Release Bulletin SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for Windows  Release Bulletin SAP Control Center 3.3  Product Summary  Installation and Upgrade  Installation and Implementation of SAP Control Center  Choosing an Installer  Supported Server Versions  Supported Product Modules and Release Documents  Known Issues  Known Issues for Installation, Upgrade, and Deployment  Known Issues for SAP Control Center  Known Issues for SAP® Adaptive Server® Enterprise  Known Issues for Data Assurance  Known Issues for Replication  Known Issues for SAP Sybase Event Stream Processor  Known Issues for SAP Sybase IQ  Known Issues for Accessibility  Documentation Changes  Obtaining Help and Additional Information  Technical Support  Downloading Product Updates  SAP Control Center Accessibility Information  Installation Guide SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for HP-UX  Conventions  Installation Task Overview  Installation Workflows  SAP ASE Components  SAP ASE Editions  Determining the Edition You Have  SAP ASE Options  Managing SAP ASE with SAP Control Center  Client Components and Utilities  System Requirements  Memory Requirements  System Requirements for Clients  Planning Your SAP ASE Installation  SAP ASE Release Bulletin  Obtaining a License  Comparing License Deployment Models  SySAM License Server  Determining Host IDs  Determining Host IDs for Machines with Multiple Network Adapters  Using Alternate Host IDs on Windows  Generating Licenses  Generating License Keys at SMP  Knowing the Product License Type  Optional Feature Licenses  SySAM Licensing Checkout  Sub-capacity Licensing  Installation Directory Contents and Layout  Creating the Sybase User Account  Preparing to Install SAP ASE  Adjusting the Operating System Shared Memory Parameters  Managing Java in the Database During Installations and Upgrades  Multipathing  Setting Up Multipathing  Installing SAP ASE  Installing SAP ASE in GUI Mode  Installing SAP ASE in Console Mode  Minimally Configuring an SAP ASE Server  Installing SAP ASE Using a Response File  Creating a Response File  Installing in Silent Mode  Command Line Options  Uninstalling SAP ASE  Removing an Existing SAP ASE Server  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center  Postinstallation Tasks  Verifying That Servers are Running  Verifying Your Connection to the Servers  Test the Installation and Network Connections  Configuring libtcl.cfg for LDAP  Adding a Server to the Directory Service  Setting the System Administrator Password  Installing Sample Databases  Default Devices for Sample Databases  Running the Database Scripts  Installing the interpubs Database  Installing the jpubs Database  Maintaining Sample Databases  SAP ASE Upgrades  Considerations When Upgrading from SAP ASE 15.0.x or Earlier  Considerations for Component Integration Services  Preparing to Upgrade  Changes in SAP ASE Directories  Preupgrade Tasks  Upgrade Stored Procedures  Reserved Words  Running a Reserved Word Check  Addressing Reserved Words Conflicts  Quoted Identifiers  Preparing the Database and Devices  The sybprocsdev device  Increasing the Size of the sybsystemprocs Database  Increasing Device and Database Capacity for System Procedures  Upgrade to SAP ASE 16.0  Upgrading Interactively Using sqlupgrade  Upgrading Noninteractively Using sqlupgraderes  Manually Upgrading SAP ASE  Postupgrade Tasks  Restoring Functionality in SAP ASE After Upgrading  Reenabling Auditing  Updating Threshold Procedures for Audit Segments  Restoring Permissions  Reenabling Replication Server After the Dataserver Upgrade  Restoring Replication on Replicate Databases  Restoring Replication on Primary Databases  Migrate  Migrating Data Using a Dump-and-Load Method  Using bcp to Migrate Data  Migrating Data by Replacing the Binary  SAP ASE Components and Related Products  Upgrading Job Scheduler  Upgrading Job Scheduler Templates  Upgrading High Availability and Cluster Support  Upgrading Java in the Database  Enabling Java in the Database in a High Availability System  Upgrading Backup Server  Upgrading Databases Using Dump and Load  How Compiled Objects Are Handled When Upgrading SAP ASE  Finding Compiled Object Errors Before Production  Quoted Identifier Errors  Determining Whether to Change select * in Views  Downgrading SAP ASE  Troubleshoot the Server  Error Logs for Installation Utilities  Error Logs for SAP ASE Servers  Troubleshooting Common Installation Problems  If the Installation Quits While You Are Configuring an SAP ASE Server  Stopping a SAP ASE Server After a Failure  If SAP ASE Fails the Preupgrade Eligibility Test  When an Upgrade Fails  If You Can Identify the Cause of the Upgrade Failure  Restoring Databases After a Failed Upgrade  Recovering from a Failed Upgrade  If You Cannot Identify the Cause of an Upgrade Failure  Obtaining Help and Additional Information  Technical Support  Downloading Product Updates  Product and Component Certifications  Accessibility Features  Installation Guide SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for IBM AIX  Conventions  Installation Task Overview  Installation Workflows  SAP ASE Components  SAP ASE Editions  Determining the Edition You Have  SAP ASE Options  Managing SAP ASE with SAP Control Center  Client Components and Utilities  System Requirements  Making Input/Output Completion Port API Available  Memory Requirements  System Requirements for Clients  Planning Your SAP ASE Installation  SAP ASE Release Bulletin  Obtaining a License  Comparing License Deployment Models  SySAM License Server  Determining Host IDs  Determining Host IDs for Machines with Multiple Network Adapters  Using Alternate Host IDs on Windows  Generating Licenses  Generating License Keys at SMP  Knowing the Product License Type  Optional Feature Licenses  SySAM Licensing Checkout  Sub-capacity Licensing  Installation Directory Contents and Layout  Creating the Sybase User Account  Preparing to Install SAP ASE  Adjusting the Operating System Shared Memory Parameters  Managing Java in the Database During Installations and Upgrades  Multipathing  Setting Up Multipathing  Installing SAP ASE  Installing SAP ASE in GUI Mode  Installing SAP ASE in Console Mode  Minimally Configuring an SAP ASE Server  Installing SAP ASE Using a Response File  Creating a Response File  Installing in Silent Mode  Command Line Options  Uninstalling SAP ASE  Removing an Existing SAP ASE Server  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center  Postinstallation Tasks  Verifying That Servers are Running  Verifying Your Connection to the Servers  Test the Installation and Network Connections  Configuring libtcl.cfg for LDAP  Adding a Server to the Directory Service  The System Administrator Password  Installing Sample Databases  Default Devices for Sample Databases  Running the Database Scripts  Installing the interpubs Database  Installing the jpubs Database  Maintaining Sample Databases  SAP ASE Upgrades  Considerations When Upgrading from SAP ASE 15.0.x or Earlier  Considerations for Component Integration Services  Preparing to Upgrade  Changes in SAP ASE Directories  Preupgrade Tasks  Upgrade Stored Procedures  Reserved Words  Running a Reserved Word Check  Addressing Reserved Words Conflicts  Quoted Identifiers  Preparing the Database and Devices  The sybprocsdev device  Increasing the Size of the sybsystemprocs Database  Increasing Device and Database Capacity for System Procedures  Upgrade to SAP ASE 16.0  Upgrading Interactively Using sqlupgrade  Upgrading Noninteractively Using sqlupgraderes  Manually Upgrading SAP ASE  Postupgrade Tasks  Restoring Functionality in SAP ASE After Upgrading  Reenabling Auditing  Updating Threshold Procedures for Audit Segments  Restoring Permissions  Reenabling Replication Server After the Dataserver Upgrade  Restoring Replication on Replicate Databases  Restoring Replication on Primary Databases  Migrate  Migrating Data Using a Dump-and-Load Method  Using bcp to Migrate Data  Migrating Data by Replacing the Binary  SAP ASE Components and Related Products  Upgrading Job Scheduler  Upgrading Job Scheduler Templates  Upgrading High Availability and Cluster Support  Upgrading Java in the Database  Enabling Java in the Database in a High Availability System  Upgrading Backup Server  Upgrading Databases Using Dump and Load  How Compiled Objects Are Handled When Upgrading SAP ASE  Finding Compiled Object Errors Before Production  Quoted Identifier Errors  Determining Whether to Change select * in Views  Downgrading SAP ASE  Troubleshoot the Server  Error Logs for Installation Utilities  Error Logs for SAP ASE Servers  Troubleshooting Common Installation Problems  If the Installation Quits While You Are Configuring an SAP ASE Server  Stopping a SAP ASE Server After a Failure  If SAP ASE Fails the Preupgrade Eligibility Test  When an Upgrade Fails  If You Can Identify the Cause of the Upgrade Failure  Restoring Databases After a Failed Upgrade  Recovering from a Failed Upgrade  If You Cannot Identify the Cause of an Upgrade Failure  Obtaining Help and Additional Information  Technical Support  Downloading Product Updates  Product and Component Certifications  Accessibility Features  Installation Guide SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for Linux  Installation Guide SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for Solaris  Conventions  Installation Task Overview  Installation Workflows  SAP ASE Components  SAP ASE Editions  Determining the Edition You Have  SAP ASE Options  Managing SAP ASE with SAP Control Center  Client Components and Utilities  System Requirements  Memory Requirements  System Requirements for Clients  Planning Your SAP ASE Installation  SAP ASE Release Bulletin  Obtaining a License  Comparing License Deployment Models  SySAM License Server  Determining Host IDs  Determining Host IDs for Machines with Multiple Network Adapters  Using Alternate Host IDs on Windows  Generating Licenses  Generating License Keys at SMP  Knowing the Product License Type  Optional Feature Licenses  SySAM Licensing Checkout  Sub-capacity Licensing  Installation Directory Contents and Layout  Creating the Sybase User Account  Preparing to Install SAP ASE  Adjusting the Operating System Shared Memory Parameters  Managing Java in the Database During Installations and Upgrades  Multipathing  Setting Up Multipathing  Installing SAP ASE  Installing SAP ASE in GUI Mode  Installing SAP ASE in Console Mode  Minimally Configuring an SAP ASE Server  Installing SAP ASE Using a Response File  Creating a Response File  Installing in Silent Mode  Command Line Options  Uninstalling SAP ASE  Removing an Existing SAP ASE Server  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center  Postinstallation Tasks  Verifying That Servers are Running  Verifying Your Connection to the Servers  Test the Installation and Network Connections  Configuring libtcl.cfg for LDAP  Adding a Server to the Directory Service  Setting the System Administrator Password  Installing Sample Databases  Default Devices for Sample Databases  Running the Database Scripts  Installing the interpubs Database  Installing the jpubs Database  Maintaining Sample Databases  SAP ASE Upgrades  Considerations When Upgrading from SAP ASE 15.0.x or Earlier  Considerations for Component Integration Services  Preparing to Upgrade  Changes in SAP ASE Directories  Preupgrade Tasks  Upgrade Stored Procedures  Reserved Words  Running a Reserved Word Check  Addressing Reserved Words Conflicts  Quoted Identifiers  Preparing the Database and Devices  The sybprocsdev device  Increasing the Size of the sybsystemprocs Database  Increasing Device and Database Capacity for System Procedures  Upgrade to SAP ASE 16.0  Upgrading Interactively Using sqlupgrade  Upgrading Noninteractively Using sqlupgraderes  Manually Upgrading SAP ASE  Postupgrade Tasks  Restoring Functionality in SAP ASE After Upgrading  Reenabling Auditing  Updating Threshold Procedures for Audit Segments  Restoring Permissions  Reenabling Replication Server After the Dataserver Upgrade  Restoring Replication on Replicate Databases  Restoring Replication on Primary Databases  Migrate  Migrating Data Using a Dump-and-Load Method  Using bcp to Migrate Data  Migrating Data by Replacing the Binary  SAP ASE Components and Related Products  Upgrading Job Scheduler  Upgrading Job Scheduler Templates  Upgrading High Availability and Cluster Support  Upgrading Java in the Database  Enabling Java in the Database in a High Availability System  Upgrading Backup Server  Upgrading Databases Using Dump and Load  How Compiled Objects Are Handled When Upgrading SAP ASE  Finding Compiled Object Errors Before Production  Quoted Identifier Errors  Determining Whether to Change select * in Views  Downgrading SAP ASE  Troubleshoot the Server  Error Logs for Installation Utilities  Error Logs for SAP ASE Servers  Troubleshooting Common Installation Problems  If the Installation Quits While You Are Configuring an SAP ASE Server  Stopping a SAP ASE Server After a Failure  If SAP ASE Fails the Preupgrade Eligibility Test  When an Upgrade Fails  If You Can Identify the Cause of the Upgrade Failure  Restoring Databases After a Failed Upgrade  Recovering from a Failed Upgrade  If You Cannot Identify the Cause of an Upgrade Failure  Obtaining Help and Additional Information  Technical Support  Downloading Product Updates  Product and Component Certifications  Accessibility Features  Installation Guide SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 for Windows  Conventions  Installation Task Overview  Installation Workflows  SAP ASE Components  SAP ASE Editions  Determining the Edition You Have  SAP ASE Options  Managing SAP ASE with SAP Control Center  Client Components and Utilities  System Requirements  System Requirements for Clients  Planning Your SAP ASE Installation  SAP ASE Release Bulletin  Obtaining a License  Comparing License Deployment Models  SySAM License Server  Determining Host IDs  Determining Host IDs for Machines with Multiple Network Adapters  Using Alternate Host IDs on Windows  Generating Licenses  Generating License Keys at SMP  Knowing the Product License Type  Optional Feature Licenses  SySAM Licensing Checkout  Sub-capacity Licensing  Installation Directory Contents and Layout  Preparing to Install SAP ASE  Managing Java in the Database During Installations and Upgrades  Installing SAP ASE  Installing SAP ASE in GUI Mode  Installing SAP ASE in Console Mode  Minimally Configuring an SAP ASE Server  Installing SAP ASE Using a Response File  Creating a Response File  Installing in Silent Mode  Command Line Options  Uninstalling SAP ASE  Removing an Existing SAP ASE Server  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center  Postinstallation Tasks  Set Up sybase User in Windows  Verifying That Servers are Running  Verifying Your Connection to the Servers  Test the Installation and Network Connections  Configuring libtcl.cfg for LDAP  Adding a Server to the Directory Service  Adding a Server to the Interfaces File  Setting the System Administrator Password  Installing Sample Databases  Default Devices for Sample Databases  Running the Database Scripts  Installing the interpubs Database  Installing the jpubs Database  Maintaining Sample Databases  SAP ASE Upgrades  Considerations When Upgrading from SAP ASE 15.0.x or Earlier  Considerations for Component Integration Services  Preparing to Upgrade  Changes in SAP ASE Directories  Preupgrade Tasks  Upgrade Stored Procedures  Reserved Words  Running a Reserved Word Check  Addressing Reserved Words Conflicts  Quoted Identifiers  Preparing the Database and Devices  The sybprocsdev device  Increasing the Size of the sybsystemprocs Database  Increasing Device and Database Capacity for System Procedures  Upgrade to SAP ASE 16.0  Upgrading SAP ASE on Windows  Testing the SAP ASE Upgrade  Manually Upgrading SAP ASE  Postupgrade Tasks  Restoring Functionality in SAP ASE After Upgrading  Reenabling Auditing  Updating Threshold Procedures for Audit Segments  Restoring Permissions  Reenabling Replication Server After the Dataserver Upgrade  Restoring Replication on Replicate Databases  Restoring Replication on Primary Databases  Migrate  Migrating Data Using a Dump-and-Load Method  Using bcp to Migrate Data  SAP ASE Components and Related Products  Upgrading Job Scheduler  Upgrading Job Scheduler Templates  Upgrading High Availability and Cluster Support  Upgrading Java in the Database  Enabling Java in the Database in a High Availability System  Upgrading Backup Server  Upgrading Databases Using Dump and Load  How Compiled Objects Are Handled When Upgrading SAP ASE  Finding Compiled Object Errors Before Production  Quoted Identifier Errors  Determining Whether to Change select * in Views  Downgrading SAP ASE  Troubleshoot the Server  Error Logs for Installation Utilities  Error Logs for SAP ASE Servers  Troubleshooting Common Installation Problems  If the Installation Quits While You Are Configuring an SAP ASE Server  Stopping a SAP ASE Server After a Failure  If SAP ASE Fails the Preupgrade Eligibility Test  When an Upgrade Fails  If You Can Identify the Cause of the Upgrade Failure  Restoring Databases After a Failed Upgrade  Recovering from a Failed Upgrade  If You Cannot Identify the Cause of an Upgrade Failure  Obtaining Help and Additional Information  Technical Support  Downloading Product Updates  Product and Component Certifications  Accessibility Features  Installation Guide SAP Control Center 3.3  About SAP Control Center  Installation Task Flows for SAP Control Center  Planning Your Installation  Obtaining a License  System Requirements  SAP Control Center Network Ports  Installation Considerations  Preparing to Roll Back from an Upgrade  Preinstallation Tasks  Installing SAP Control Center  Installing with the SAP Installer  Installing with a Response File  Creating a Response File  Installing in Unattended (Silent) Mode  Uninstalling  Upgrading SAP Control Center  Upgrading a Singleton SAP Control Center  Upgrading Shared-Disk Instances  Installing JDBC Drivers for Third-Party Replicate Databases  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center  Registering the ODBC Driver in Windows  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center in Windows  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center in UNIX  Getting Started After Installing  Configuring the SSL Certificate  Setting Passwords or Disabling Default Login Accounts  Encrypting a Password  Enabling Incremental Backups  Configuring SAP Control Center  Troubleshooting Installation  Configuration Guide for UNIX Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0  About SAP ASE  System-Specific Issues  System User Roles  Environment Variables  SAP ASE Devices and System Databases  The master Device  The sybsystemdb Device  The sysprocsdev Device  Optional Devices and Databases  Pluggable Component Interface (PCI) Database  Sample Databases  sybsecurity Device and Database  dbccdb Database  sybmgmtdb Database  Using Operating System Files as Database Devices  The directio Parameter  The dsync Parameter  Determine the Size of a Database Device  Support for Raw Partitions or Files  Preparation of a Raw Partition Device  Choosing a Raw Partition  Client/Server Communication  About Changing SAP ASE Configuration  Languages Other Than US English  SAP ASE Specifications  Database Specifications  Table Specifications  Procedure Specifications  Query Specifications  Maximum Column Sizes  Database Requirements for Varying Page Sizes  Data Limits for Tables According to Page Size  Start and Stop Servers  Start Servers  Server Start-up Parameters  RUN_server_name File  Using the startserver Command  Start Servers When the Operating System Restarts  Creating a System Restart Script for HP-UX  Creating a System Restart Script for IBM RS/6000  Creating a System Restart Script for Sun Solaris and Linux  Starting XP Server After Initial Installation  Stop Servers  Stopping SAP ASE  Stopping Backup Server  Using the kill Command  Shutdown and Shared Memory Files  Huge Pages on Linux  Configure the Operating System  Verifying Environment Variables  Using the stty Setting  Restore Correct Permissions  File Descriptors and User Connections  File Descriptors and User Connections for HP-UX  File Descriptors and User Connections for AIX  File Descriptors and User Connections for Linux  File Descriptors and User Connections for Sun Solaris  Displaying Current Soft and Hard Limits  Increasing the Soft Limit  Increasing the Hard Limit  Enable Asynchronous Disk I/O  Enabling Asynchronous Disk I/O on Linux  Enabling Asynchronous Disk I/O on IBM AIX  Enabling Asynchronous Disk I/O HP-UX  Enabling Asynchronous I/O for File System Devices  Enabling Asynchronous I/O for File Systems  Adjust the Client Connection Timeout Period  Adjusting the Client Connection Timeout for HP-UX  Adjusting the Client Connection Timeout for IBM RS/6000  Adjusting the Client Connection Timeout for Linux  Check for Hardware Errors  Monitor the Use of Operating System Resources  Monitor Operating System Resources for HP-UX  Monitor Operating System Resources for IBM RS/6000  Monitor Operating System Resources for Sun Solaris and Linux  Check Database Integrity  Configuring New Servers with srvbuild  Optimize the SAP ASE Configuration  SAP ASE Default Configuration  Default Settings  Set Up Communications Across the Network  How SAP ASE Determines Which Directory Service Entry to Use  How a Client Uses Directory Services  Create a Directory Services Entry  Supported Directory Drivers  Contents of the interfaces File  interfaces File Format  Components of an interfaces File Entry  Create a Master interfaces File  Using dsedit or dscp to Create a Master interfaces File  Using a Text Editor to Create a Master interfaces File  Configure the interfaces File for Multiple Networks  Configuring the Server for Multiple Network Handlers  Configure Client Connections  Manage One Network-Independent DSQUERY Name  Using Different DSQUERY Names  Configuring for Query Port Backup  IPv6 Support  IPv6 Infrastructure  Troubleshoot  Troubleshooting when the Server Fails to Start  Troubleshooting an Error when Executing an ESP  Use the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol as a Directory Service  LDAP Directory Services Versus the SAP Interfaces File  The libtcl*.cfg File  Enabling LDAP Directory Services  Keywords for the LDAP URL Variables  Adding a Server to the Directory Services  Multiple Directory Services  Encrypting the Password  Performance  Migrating from the interfaces File to LDAP  Localization Support  Language Modules  Default Character Sets  Supported Character Sets  Arabic Character Sets  Baltic Character Set  Simplified Chinese Character Sets  Traditional Chinese Character Set  Cyrillic Character Sets  Eastern European Character Sets  Greek Character Sets  Hebrew Character Sets  Japanese Character Sets  Korean Character Set  Thai Character Sets  Turkish Character Sets  Unicode Character Set  Vietnamese Character Set  Western European Character Sets  Character Set Names  Load Character Sets  Language Definition Files Sort Order  Character Set Conversion  Conversions Between Server and Client  Sort Orders  Available Sort Orders for Character Sets  Language Modules  Installing a New Language Module  Message Languages  Localization Directories  About the locales Directory  About the charsets Directory  Format of locales.dat File Entries  How Client Applications Use locales.dat  Changing SAP ASE Localization Configuration  Configuring SAP ASE for Other Character Sets  Editing the locales.dat File  Changing Backup Server Localization Configuration  SAP ASE Error Logging  Set Error Log Paths  Set the SAP ASE Error Log Path  Manage Messages  Log User-Defined Messages  Log Auditing Events  Manage Database Devices  Device Requirements  Create Files for Database Devices  Database Management System Auditing  Audit System Devices and Databases  Install Online Help for Transact-SQL Syntax  Default Device for the sybsyntax Database  Installing sybsyntax  Configuration Guide for Windows Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0  About SAP ASE  System-Specific Issues  User Roles  Environment Variables  SAP ASE Devices and System Databases  The master Device  The sybsystemdb Device  The sysprocsdev Device  Optional Devices and Databases  Pluggable Component Interface (PCI) Database  Sample Databases  sybsecurity Device and Database  dbccdb Database  Using Operating System Files as Database Devices  The dsync Parameter  The directio Parameter  Client/Server Communication  About Changing SAP ASE Configurations  Languages Other Than US English  SAP ASE Specifications  Database Specifications  Table Specifications  Query Specifications  Procedure Specifications  Extended-Limit Capabilities  Start and Stop Servers  Server Start-up Parameters  Specifying Additional Start-up Parameters  Starting and Stopping Servers Using Unified Agent  Start and Stop Servers Using the Control Panel  Starting Servers as an Automatic Service  Setting Up SAP ASE as an Automatic Service  Starting, Stopping, and Pausing Servers Manually  Stopping Backup Server  Stopping SAP ASE  Monitor Servers  Monitoring Servers with the Control Panel  SAP ASE Configurations  Default SAP ASE Configuration  Default SAP ASE Parameter Settings  Default Backup and XP Server Settings  Change SAP ASE Configurations  Starting Server Config  Configuring SAP ASE  Setting SAP ASE Parameters  Changing the Default Backup Server  Changing the Default XP Server  Configuring Backup Server  Configuring Job Scheduler and Self Management  Optimize the SAP ASE Configuration  Network Communications Using sql.ini  Client Connections to SAP ASE  Determine the Address to Listen for Client Connections  Client Access to SAP ASE  Enabling Client Access to a Server  Changing the Server Entries in sql.ini  Components in the sql.ini File  Server Name  Network Driver  Service Type  Server Address  Address Format  IP Address  Named Pipes Format  Windows Sockets Format  Increasing Windows Sockets Connections  Modifying an Existing TcpNumConnections Value  Adding a TcpNumConnections Value  Using Multiple TCP/IP Network Interface Cards  Controlling the Connection Timeout  Increasing the TcpKeepTries Value  NWLink IPX/SPX Format  Available NWLink IPX/SPX Connection Formats  Selecting Valid Connection Formats  Share Network Configuration Information  Creating a Master sql.ini File  Windows Registry as a Directory Service  Using Windows Registry as a Directory Service  Verify Server Connections  Configure ODBC Connections  Configuring the ODBC Driver  IPv6 Support  IPv6 Infrastructure  Lightweight Directory Access Protocol in SAP ASE  LDAP Directory Services versus the SAP Interfaces File  The libtcl.cfg File  Enabling LDAP Directory Services  Adding a Server to the Directory Services  Adding a Server Entry to the Directory Service Using dsedit  Multiple Directory Services  Encrypting the Password  Performance with LDAP  Migrating from the sql.ini File to LDAP  Localization Support  Language Modules  Default Character Sets for Servers  Changing the Default Character Set for Servers  Supported Character Sets  Arabic Character Sets  Baltic Character Set  Simplified Chinese Character Sets  Traditional Chinese Character Set  Cyrillic Character Sets  Eastern European Character Sets  Greek Character Sets  Hebrew Character Sets  Japanese Character Sets  Korean Character Set  Thai Character Sets  Turkish Character Sets  Unicode Character Set  Vietnamese Character Set  Western European Character Sets  Character Set Conversion  Conversions Between Server and Client  Sort Orders  Available Sort Orders  Language Modules  Installing a New Language Module  Message Languages  Localization  Localization Directories  charsets and locales Directories  Format of locales.dat File Entries  Client Application Use of locales.dat  Editing the locales.dat File  Changing SAP ASE and Backup Server Localization Configuration  Completing SAP ASE Localization Changes  Completing Backup Server Localization Changes  Configuring SAP ASE for Other Character Sets  Language-Specific Sort Orders  SAP ASE Character Set Names  charset Utility  Log Error Messages and Events  SAP ASE Error Logging  Windows Event Logging  Setting Up Windows Event Logging  Enable and Disable Windows Event Logging  Enabling or Disabling Event Logging Using Server Config Utility  Enabling or Disabling Event Logging Using sp_configure  Windows Event Log Information  Manage Logs  Set Error Log Paths  Setting the SAP ASE Error Log Path  Setting the Backup Server Error Log Path  Manage Messages  Log User-Defined Messages  New Messages  Existing Messages  Log Auditing Events  Log User-Defined Events  Using a Remote Log  Central Logging Site  Log Messages from Multiple SAP ASEs  Set Up a Local Central Logging Site  Creating a Registry key  Defining a Registry Key  View Messages  Viewing Messages in the Windows Event Log  Viewing Messages in the SAP ASE Error Log  Security Services with Windows LAN Manager  How Login Authentication Works  Administering Security Services Using LAN Manager  Modify Configuration Files Required for a Unified Login  Set Up Drivers for Network-Based Security  Entries for Network Drivers  Entries for Directory Services  Entries for Security Drivers  Editing the libtcl.cfg File  Checking the LAN Manager's Local Name  Specifying Security Information for SAP ASE  Identify Users and Servers to LAN Manager  Configure SAP ASE for LAN Manager Security  Enabling and Disabling External Security Services  Manage Unified Login  Requiring Unified Login  Establishing a Secure Default Login  Map LAN Manager Login Names to Server Names  Data Integrity Check  Ensure Adequate Memory for Security Services  Add Logins to Support Unified Login  Adding Logins  Define the Connection to a Server for Security Services  Specifying the Principal Name  Specifying Network-Based User Authentication  Specifying the Name Assigned to LAN Manager  Determining the Status of Security Services  Configuration Parameters Used in Security Services  Data Integrity Check  Message Sequence Check  Detect Interception or Replay  Specify a Login  Control User Authentication  Manage Login Security on an Windows Computer  SAP ASE Security  Combined SAP ASE and Windows Login Security  Trusted Connections and Combined Login Security  Login Security Modes  Standard Mode  Integrated Mode  Mixed Mode  Manage the Login Security Features  Permit Trusted Connections  Windows Registry Parameters  Default Login  Default Domain  SetHostName  Character Mappings  Modify the Parameter Values  Administer Login Security Using System Procedures  Assigning Trusted Connection Permissions  Display the Current Registry Values  Display Permissions and User Names  Revoke Permissions Granted with sp_grantlogin  Configuring Login Security  Creating Windows Users and Groups  Configuring Mapping and Default Domain Values  Setting Login Security Mode  Adding Network Login Names to syslogins  Assigning Roles  Change Login Security Options  Enabling Standard Login Security Mode  Enabling Integrated or Mixed Login Security Mode  Manage SAP ASE Databases  Manage Database Devices  Device Requirements  Creating .dat Files for Database Devices  Back Up and Restore Data  Backing Up Data with a Tape Drive  Windows Tape Drive Names  Set the Maximum Capacity for a Tape Drive  Backing Up Data Using a Hard Disk  Dumping Across a Network  Examples of Backing Up and Restoring User Databases  Back Up and Restore to a Database and Device  Back Up and Restore on a Remote Backup Server  Backup File Names  Additional Dump Devices  Tape Handling Options  Get Information About Files  Backing Up and Restoring System Databases  Optimize SAP ASE Performance and Tuning  Using Dedicated SAP ASE Operation  Disk Drives and SAP ASE Performance  Monitor Disk Usage  Monitoring SAP ASE Statistics  Database Management System Auditing  Audit System Devices and Databases  Install Online Help for Transact-SQL Syntax  Default Device for the sybsyntax Database  Installing sybsyntax  Troubleshoot Network Connections  Running Server Ping  Troubleshoot Connection Failures  Using Returned Messages to Diagnose a Failure  Troubleshooting a Connection Failure to SAP ASE  Failure to Load Net-Library DLLs  Troubleshooting Failure of Other Applications  Before Calling Technical Support  SAP ASE Registry Keys  \SOFTWARE\SYBASE\Server\server_name  \SOFTWARE\SYBASE\SQLServer\server_name\parameter  \SOFTWARE\SYBASE\SQLServer  \SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\SYBSQL_server_name  New Features Summary SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0  Version 16.0  Increased Data Availability with Partition Locking  CIS Support for HANA Server  Relaxed Query Limits  Query Plan Optimization with Star Joins  Query Performance Improvements  Full-Text Auditing  Auditing for Authorization Checks Inside Stored Procedures  Replacing Object Definitions  Query Plan and Execution Statistics in HTML  Index Compression  SAP JVM Support  Full Database Encryption  Scalability Enhancements and Features  Monitoring Threshold-Based Events  Multiple Triggers  Residual Data Removal  Configuration History Tracking  Cyclic Redundancy Checks for dump database  Calculating the Transaction Log Growth Rate  System Changes for SAP ASE Version 16.0  Version 15.7 SP100  Adaptive Server 15.7 SP100 Feature and Platform Matrix  Shrinking Databases  Enhancements to Backup and Restore  Aggregating Metrics from Syntactically Similar Queries  Updates to Precomputed Result Sets  Improved Data Load Performance  Incremental Reorganization  Creating Indexes Without Blocking Access to Data  Query Plan and Execution Statistics in HTML  Gathering Hash-Based Statistics with create index  Query Plan Optimization with Bloom Filters  Support for Replication by Column Value  Support for Multiple Scanner Threads  Sybase Central Adaptive Server Plug-in  Running Adaptive Server on VMware vSphere  Support for OData  Support for NTLM and MIT Kerberos on Windows 64-bit  Properties Added to Responses File  Automatic Physical Database Rearrangement  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.7 SP100  Commands  Functions  System Stored Procedures  Configuration Parameters  System Tables  Utilities  Monitoring Table Changes  Permission Changes for Commands and Functions  Version 15.7 ESD #4  15.7 ESD #4.2  Improved Rollback Reporting  15.7 ESD #4  Remote Backup Server Maximum Name Length  Support for Query Plan Pinning  AF_UNIX Support  Changes to sp_addthreshold and Roles  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.7 ESD #4  Utilities  Configuration Parameters  Version 15.7 ESD #3  sybrestore Utility  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.7 ESD #3  Commands  Functions  System Stored Procedures  Monitoring Table Changes  Version 15.7 ESD #2  Granular Permissions  Predicated Privileges  Deferred Table Creation  Online Utilities  Merging and Splitting Partitions  Maximum Size of Query in the Statement Cache  Enhancements to show_cached_plan_in_xml  Fast-Logged Bulk Copy  Precomputed Result Sets  Concurrent dump database and dump transaction Commands  Hash-Based Update Statistics  Enhancements to dump and load  alter table drop column without datacopy  Expanded Maximum Database Size  User-Defined Optimization Goal  Shared Query Plans  Initializing Databases Asynchronously  In-Row Large Object Compression  Configuring Shared Memory Dumps  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.7 ESD #2  Commands  Functions  System Stored Procedures  Configuration Parameters  System Tables  Utilities  Monitoring Table Changes  Version 15.7 ESD #1  Proxy Table Support for In-row LOB Columns  Support for System Procedures in Replicated Master Database  Increased Number of Parameters  Multiple Listeners on Windows  Windows Supports Adaptive Server High Availability  New and Changed Configuration Parameters  Version 15.7  Application Functionality Configuration Group  New Adaptive Server Kernel  Compressing Data in Adaptive Server  New Security Features  End-to-End CIS Kerberos Authentication  Dual Control of Encryption Keys and Unattended Startup  Securing Logins, Roles, and Password Management Extensions  Login Profiles  Employee Lifecycle Management  External Passwords and Hidden Text  Abstract Plans in Cached Statements  Shrink Log Space  Displaying Currently Set Switches with sysoptions  Changes for Large Objects  In-Row Off-Row LOB  Using Large Object text, unitext, and image Datatypes in Stored Procedures  Using LOB Locators in Transact-SQL Statements  Extension to where Clause for Large Objects  Showing Cached Plans in XML  Padding a Character Field Using str  Changes to select for update  Creating Nonmaterialized, Non-null Columns  Sharing Inline Defaults  Retain Monitoring Data  Analyze Dynamic Parameters  Monitor Lock Timeouts  Truncate Trailing Zeros  Fully Recoverable DDL  Transfer Rows from Source to Target Table Using merge  View Statistics and Histograms with sp_showoptstats  Changes to Cursors  Release Cursor Locks at Cursor Close  Enhanced Transaction Support for Cursors  Monitor Cursor Statements  Nested select Statement Enhancements  Changes to Commands and System Procedures in Chained Transaction  Expanded Variable-Length Rows  Changes to like Pattern Matching  Changes to Quoted Identifiers  Allowing Unicode Noncharacters  Reduce Query Processing Latency  The sybdiag Utility  The Optimizer Diagnostic Utility  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.7  Commands  Functions  System Stored Procedures  Configuration Parameters  System Tables  Utilities  Monitoring Table Changes  New Monitoring Tables  Changes to Monitoring Tables  Global Variables  Version 15.5 Cluster Edition  Adaptive Server 15.5 Cluster Edition Feature and Platform Matrix  Multiple simultaneous failover  Adding space to an archive database  Distributed transaction management in the shared-disk cluster  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.5 Cluster Edition  Changed commands  Monitoring Tables  Configuration Parameters  Functions  Version 15.5  Adaptive Server 15.5 Feature and Platform Matrix  In-Memory and Relaxed-Durability Databases  Faster Compression for Backups  Backup Server Support for the IBM® Tivoli® Storage Manager  Deferred Name Resolution for User-Defined Stored Procedures  FIPS 140-2 Login Password Encryption  Incremental Data Transfer  bigdatetime and bigtime Datatypes  Creating and Managing tempdb Groups  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.5  Datatypes  Functions  System Stored Procedures  Commands  Configuration Parameters  Monitoring Tables  System Tables  Utilities  Auditing  Version 15.0.3  SQL Statement Replication  Security Enhancements  LDAPS User Authentication Enhancement  Automatic LDAP User Authentication and Failback  Login Mapping of External Authentication  Using SSL to Specify a Common Name  Concurrent Kerberos Authentication  Virtually Hashed Tables  Huge Pages  Upgrading During a High Availability Configuration  Reinstalling System Stored Procedures  Distributed Transaction Management (DTM)  Adaptive Server Plug-in Updates  The Java Interface  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.0.3  Functions  System Stored Procedures  Commands  Configuration Parameters  Monitoring Tables  System Tables  Version 15.0.2  Encrypted Columns  Archive Database Access  Finding Slow-Running Queries  Deferred Compilation  Case-Insensitive Sort Orders for Chinese and Japanese Character Sets  Statistical Aggregate Functions  Standard Deviation and Variance  Eager and Lazy Aggregation  Vector and Scalar Aggregation  Improved Performance for Data Insertion  Using Asynchronous Writes During a Page Split  Improving Throughput of tempdb Transactions  Post-commit Optimization  Changes to the Query Processor  Deferred Compilation  Non-binary Character Set Histogram Interpolation  Expression Histogramming Selectivity Estimates  Viewing Current Optimizer Settings  New Security Features  PAM Support in 64-bit Adaptive Server on AIX  Global Login Triggers Set Automatically  SSL Support  Improved Password Security  Auditing Enhancements  Hiding System Stored Procedure and Command Password Parameters  Monitoring Failed Login Attempts  High Availability Considerations  Installing and Editing Monitoring Tables  Monitoring Tables for the Statement Cache  Row-Level Locking for System Tables  The xmltable() Function  Relocated Joins  User-Defined SQL Functions  instead of Triggers  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.0.2  Trace Flags  Commands  Changes to the set Command  Utilities  System Stored Procedures  System Tables  Configuration Parameters  Functions  Global Variables  Version 15.0.1  Changes to Abstract Plans  New Query-Level Settings  Operator Name Alignment for the Abstract Plan and the Optimizer Criteria  Extending the Optimizer Criteria Set Syntax  Literal Parameterization  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.0.1  Functions  Configuration Parameters  Commands  Monitoring Tables  Version 15.0  Partition Support  Row-Locked System Catalogs  Query Processor  Large Identifiers  Computed Columns  Differences Between Computed Columns and Function-Based Indexes  Differences Between Materialized and Not Materialized Computed Columns  Scrollable Cursors  unitext Datatype Support  big int Datatype Support  Unsigned Integer Datatype Support  Integer Identity  Enhancements to XML Services  Adaptive Server Plug-in Enhancements  Interactive SQL  User-Defined Web Services  Very Large Storage Support  Automatic Running of update statistics  SySAM License Management  Query Processing Metrics (qp Metrics)  Updates to Abstract Plans  showplan Changes  Secure Socket Layer Uses FIPS 140-2  System Changes for Adaptive Server Version 15.0  Utilities  Reserved Words  Global Variables  Configuration Parameters  Functions  Commands  System Stored Procedures  System Tables  Monitoring Tables  Obtaining Help and Additional Information  Technical Support  Downloading Product Updates  Product and Component Certifications  Accessibility Features  New Features Guide SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0  Overview of Version 16.0  Increased Data Availability with Partition Locking  Partition Locks  Partition Lock Name  Enabling Partition Locking  View Partition Locks with sp_lock  View Partition Locks with sp_familylock  View Partition Locks with monLocks and monDeadLock  Deadlocks and Lock Timeouts  Partition Lock Promotion  Setting Partition Lock Promotion Thresholds  Dropping Partition Lock Promotion Thresholds  Lock Compatibility and Lock Sufficiency  Partition Lock Compatibility  Partition Lock Sufficiency  Schema Lock Compatibility  Schema Lock Sufficiency  Improved Concurrency for Partition-Level Online Operations  Partition-Level Online Operation Syntax  Concurrency with Partition-Level Online Operations  Partition-Level Online Operations with Global Index  Schema Locks  Component Integration Services Support for HANA Server  Configuring CIS for HANA  Creating SAP HANA as an ODBC Data Source on Windows  Adding SAP HANA to the SAP ASE Interfaces File  Configuring the PCI Bridge and PCA/ODBC  Adding Server Class HANAODBC  Datatype Mapping Between SAP ASE and HANA  Restrictions  Relaxed Query Limits  Query Plan Optimization with Star Joins  Star Join Hint  Star Join Query Plans Under the use fact_table Hint  Query Performance Improvements  Dynamic Thread Assignment  SORT Operator Performance Improvement  Hash Join Operator Performance Improvement  Full-Text Auditing  Auditing for Authorization Checks Inside Stored Procedures  Replacing Object Definitions  Install Script Changes  Data and Log Segment Changes  Query Plan and Execution Statistics in HTML  Option for Prefix of Generated File  Index Compression  Enabling Index Compression  Creating an Index Compressed Table  Creating a Compressed Index  Changing the Compression State  SAP JVM Support  Full Database Encryption  Full Database Encryption Versus Encrypted Columns  Creating the Database Encryption Key  Changing a Database Encryption Key  Dropping a Database Encryption Key  Create an Encrypted Database  Encrypt an Existing Database  Encryption Status and Progress  Performance Considerations  Suspend the Encryption Process  The quiesce database Command and Fully Encrypted Databases  Resume the Encryption Process  Decrypt an Encrypted Database  Recover Fully Encrypted Databases  Back Up (Dump) a Fully Encrypted Database  Back Up the Database Encryption Key  Restore (Load) Backups of Fully Encrypted Databases  Loading Behavior of Encrypted Databases  Dropping a Database That is Being Encrypted  Mounting and Unmounting a Fully Encrypted Database  Archive Databases and Full Encryption  Full Database Encryption and System Changes  Scalability Enhancements and Features  Run-Time Logging Enhancements  Lock Management Enhancements  Metadata and Latch Management Enhancements  Monitoring Threshold-Based Events  Multiple Triggers  Creating Multiple Triggers  Changing the Order of When a Trigger is Fired  Order of Triggers in Merge Statements  Transactional Behavior with Multiple Triggers  Disabling and Reenabling Triggers  @@trigger_name Global Variable  Residual Data Removal  Configuration History Tracking  Configuring SAP ASE to Track Configuration Changes  Changes Captured  Querying ch_events to View Changes  Cyclic Redundancy Checks for dump database  Calculating the Transaction Log Growth Rate  System Changes  Configuration Parameters  New Configuration Parameters  Changed Configuration Parameters  Built-In Functions  dbencryption_status  Commands  alter database for Full Database Encryption  alter index  alter table for Index Compression  alter table for Multiple Triggers  alter table for Residual Data Removal  create archive database for Full Database Encryption  create database for Full Database Encryption  create default  create encryption key  create function  create function (SQLJ)  create index  create procedure  create procedure (SQLJ)  create rule  create table for Index Compression  create table for Residual Data Removal  create trigger for Multiple Triggers  create trigger for or replace  create view  drop encryption key  drop trigger  dump database  kill  load database  select  select into  set  System Procedures  Changed System Procedures  sp_audit  sp_chgattribute  sp_clusterlockusage  sp_dboption  sp_depends  sp_encryption  sp_familylock  sp_helpdb  sp_lock  New System Procedures  sp_confighistory  sp_ dropglockpromote_ptn  sp_droprowlockpromote_ptn  sp_helptrigger  sp_jsconfigure  sp_logging_rate  sp_setpglockpromote_ptn  sp_setrowlockpromote_ptn  System Tables  Changed System Tables  New System Tables  ch_events  Changed Monitoring Tables  New Monitoring Tables  monThresholdEvent  Utilities  ddlgen  sybmigrate  sybrestore  Global Variables  Security Administration Guide SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0  SAP Control Center 3.3 for SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise  About SAP Control Center for SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise  New Features in SAP Control Center for SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise  User Interface Overview  Toolbar Icons  Status Icons  Display and Copy Options in SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitors  Common Display Options  Keyboard Shortcuts  Displaying the Versions of SCC Components  Style and Syntax Conventions  SAP Control Center Accessibility Information  Get Started  Quick Start for an Evaluation  Get Started in a Production Environment  Deploying an Instance from a Shared Disk Installation  Enabling and Disabling Shared-Disk Mode  Shared-Disk Mode  sccinstance Command  Launching SAP Control Center  Registering the ODBC Driver in Windows  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center in Windows  Starting and Stopping SAP Control Center in UNIX  Configuring Memory Usage  Changing a Memory Option on the Command Line  Changing a Memory Option for an SAP Control Center Windows Service  Changing a Memory Option for an SCC UNIX Service  scc Command  Logging in to SAP Control Center  Logging out of SAP Control Center  Setting Up Security  Security  Configuring Authentication for Windows  Configuring a Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) for UNIX  Configuring an LDAP Authentication Module  LDAP Configuration Properties  Mapping SAP Control Center Roles to LDAP or OS Groups  Encrypting a Password  Configuring Ports  Configuring the E-mail Server  Configuring the Automatic Logout Timer  Configuring Retrieval Thresholds for the Administration Console  User Authorization  Assigning a Role to a Login or a Group  Removing a Role from a Login or a Group  Adding a Group  Removing a Group  Adding a Login Account to a Group  Removing a Login Account from a Group  Adding a Login Account to the System  Removing a Login Account from the System  Modifying a User Profile  Logins, Roles, and Groups  Configure  Configuring SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise for Monitoring  Registering an SAP ASE Server  Importing Resources for Batch Registration  Registering the Agent for an SAP ASE Server  Authenticating a Login Account for a Managed Resource  Role Assignment in SAP Control Center for SAP ASE  Encrypted Authentication for SAP ASE  Setting Up Statistics Collection  About Statistics  SAP ASE Data Collections  Key Performance Indicators for SAP ASE  Creating an Alert  SAP ASE Alerts  Alert Types, Severities, and States for SAP ASE  Alert-Triggered Scripts  Alert-Triggered Script Examples  Substitution Parameters for Scripts  Setting Display Options for SAP ASE Performance Data  Optional Configuration Steps  Manage and Monitor  Displaying Resource Availability: the Heat Chart  Graphing Performance Counters: the Statistics Chart  Manage SAP Control Center  Administration Console  Browsing and Managing Resources  Searching and Filtering Resources  Searching for Objects in SAP ASE  Manage Message Rows for Search Requests  Configuring Retrieval Thresholds for the Administration Console  Job Scheduling  Executing and Stopping a Data Collection Job  Deleting a Data Collection Job  Resuming and Suspending a Data Collection Job  Adding a New Schedule to a Job  Viewing or Deleting a Schedule  Modifying the Data Collection Interval for a Job  Resuming and Suspending the Scheduler  Viewing the Job Execution History  Alerts  SAP ASE Alerts  Alert Types, Severities, and States for SAP ASE  Creating an SAP ASE Alert  Displaying SAP ASE Alerts  Modifying an Alert  Deleting an Alert  Alert Subscriptions  Adding or Modifying an Alert Subscription  Unsubscribing from an Alert  Enabling and Disabling Alert Subscription  Alert Notifications  Displaying Alert History and Resolutions  Resolving Alerts  Alert-Triggered Scripts  Substitution Parameters for Scripts  Testing an Alert-Triggered Script  Alert-Triggered Script Examples  Resources  Unregistering a Resource  Adding a Resource to a Perspective  Removing a Resource from a Perspective  Modifying a Resource’s Name and Connection Properties  Searching for Resources in the Resource Explorer  Perspectives  Creating a Perspective  Removing a Perspective  Renaming a Perspective  Views  Managing a View  Arranging View Layout in a Perspective  Instances  Enabling and Disabling Shared-Disk Mode  Deploying an Instance from a Shared Disk Installation  Refreshing or Converting an Instance  Removing an Instance  Shared-Disk Mode  sccinstance Command  Repository  Scheduling Backups of the Repository  Modifying the Backup Schedule  Forcing an Immediate Backup  Restoring the Repository from Backups  Configuring Repository Purging  Logging  Viewing the SAP ASE Component Log  Viewing SAP Control Center Server Logs  Viewing the SAP Control Center Client Log  Changing the Logging Level  Logging or Message Levels  Changing Logging Configuration  SAP Control Center Console  Console Commands  help Command  info Command  shutdown command  status Command  Setting SAP ASE Parameters in the Configuration File  Configuration Parameters for SAP ASE  Manage and Monitor the SAP ASE Environment  Managing an SAP ASE server  Executing SQL Statements  Registering the Agent for an SAP ASE Server  Authenticating the Unified Agent  Authenticating the SCC Agent  Starting an SAP ASE Server  Stopping an SAP ASE Server  Configuring Retrieval Thresholds for the Administration Console  SAP ASE Error Log  Viewing the SAP ASE Error Log  Searching the Error Log for Messages  Managing Flag Definitions  Importing Flag Definitions  Exporting Flag Definitions  Server Configuration  Displaying Configuration Values  Modifying Server Configuration Parameters  Server Configuration Statistics and Details  Server Monitor Settings  Server Properties  Activating a Role  Managing Permissions  Enabling Granular Permissions  Replacing Compiled Object Definitions  Displaying the Performance Overview  Performance Overview Statistics and Details  Caches  Monitor Caches  Monitoring SAP ASE Data Caches  Modifying Data Cache Sizes  Adding Data Cache Buffer Pools  Data Cache Statistics and Details  Monitoring the SAP ASE Procedure Cache  Procedure Cache Statistics and Details  Monitoring the SAP ASE Statement Cache  Setting the Statement Cache Size  Statement Cache Statistics and Details  Monitoring SAP ASE In-memory Storage  In-memory Storage Statistics and Details  Manage Caches  Creating a Cache  Cache Properties  Managing Binding Options  Managing Buffer Pools  Managing Cache Configurations  Generating DDL for a Cache  Deleting a Cache  Clusters  Monitor Clusters  Cluster Instances  Monitoring Cluster Instances in Cluster Configurations  Cluster Instances Statistics and Details  Cluster Interconnect  Displaying the Cluster Overview  Cluster Interconnect Statistics and Details  Monitoring Interprocess Communication in Cluster Configurations  Workload Management  Monitoring Workloads in Cluster Configurations  Workload Management Statistics and Details  Manage Clusters  Starting the SCC agent for a Cluster  Starting the Unified Agent for a Cluster  Preparing to Create a Cluster  Creating a Cluster  Registering a Cluster  Registering the Agent and Starting a Cluster  Displaying Cluster Configuration Values  Starting a Cluster  Stopping a Cluster  Dropping a Cluster  Viewing a Cluster Log  Cluster Properties  Manage Logical Clusters  Adding a Logical Cluster  Designating a Failover Logical Cluster  Designating a Failback Logical Cluster  Logical Cluster States  Changing the State of a Logical Cluster  Deleting a Logical Cluster  Generating a DDL Script for a Logical Cluster  Logical Cluster Properties  Manage Cluster Instances  Displaying Instance Configuration Values  Starting an Instance  Adding an Instance to a Cluster  Stopping an Instance  Deleting an Instance  Instance Properties  Viewing an Instance Log  Manage Load Profiles  Adding a Load Profile  Deleting a Load Profile  Generating a DDL Script for a Load Profile  Load Profile Properties  Manage Routes  Adding a Route  Deleting a Route  Route Properties  Manage Auxiliary Servers  Configuring a Backup Server  Deleting a Backup Server  Backup Server Properties  Configuring an XP Server  Deleting an XP Server  XP Server Properties  Databases  Monitor Databases  Determining the Backup Status of a Database  Displaying Resources Used by a Database  Modifying Database Sizes  Database Statistics and Details  Displaying Information About Segments Used by a Database  Manage Databases  Creating a User Database  Creating a Proxy Database  Creating a Temporary Database  Creating an Archive Database  Creating an In-Memory Database  Creating an In-Memory Temporary Database  Creating an Encrypted Database  Encrypting an Existing Database  Suspending the Encryption Process  Resuming the Encryption Process  Decrypting an Encrypted Database  Suspending the Decryption Process  Resuming the Decryption Process  Creating a Temporary Database Group  Shrinking a Database  Backing Up (Dumping) a Database  Viewing Available Dump Configurations  Creating a Dump Configuration  Backing Up a Database Using a Dump Configuration  Dump Configuration Properties  Deleting a Dump Configuration  Backing Up a Database or Transaction Log to Multiple Stripes  Backing Up a Database Incrementally  Backing Up a Database Incrementally Using a Dump Configuration  Viewing Dump Records  Purging Dump Records from Dump History  Generating Database-Creation SQL for a Target Database  Generating Database-Creation SQL from a Dump Image  Backing Up Server Configuration Files  Scheduling a Database Backup  Requirements and Permissions for Scheduling Backups  Creating a Schedule for Backups  Schedule Properties  Deleting a Schedule  Scheduling a Backup Job in the Backup Wizard  Creating a New Scheduled Backup Job  Properties of a Scheduled Backup Job  Manage a Scheduled Backup Job  Enabling Scheduled Jobs  Deleting a Backup Job from the Schedule  Disabling Scheduled Jobs  Running a Scheduled Job Now  Rescheduling a Backup Job  Terminating a Scheduled Job in Progress  Viewing the Execution History of a Scheduled Backup Job  Job History Properties  Viewing the Contents of the Execution History Log  Deleting the Execution History of a Scheduled Backup Job  Job Scheduler Administration  Set Up an Alert for When a Backup Job Fails  Restoring (Loading) a Database  Generating a Database Load Sequence  Generating a Database Load Sequence for a Target Database from Dump History  Restoring a Database from a Cumulative Dump  Restoring a Database from a SQL Script  Restoring a Database from a Point in Time  Viewing Database Statistics  Checkpointing Databases  Checking Database Consistency  Placing a Database in Quiesce-Hold  Placing a Database in Quiesce-Release  Mounting an SAP ASE Database  Unmounting an SAP ASE Database  Database Properties  Changing Database Ownership  Modifying Database Storage Allocations  Modifying the Transaction Log Cache and the Log I/O Buffer Size  Changing Database Options  Generating DDL for a Database  Deleting a Database  Defaults  Creating a Default  Defaults Properties  Replacing a Default Definition  Deleting a Default  Devices  Monitor Devices  Determining Device I/O Response and I/O per Second  Modifying Device Sizes  Device Statistics and Details  Manage Devices  Displaying a Device Object  Creating a Database Device  Creating an In-Memory Device  Creating a Dump Device  Database Device Properties  In-Memory Device Properties  Dump Device Properties  Generating DDL for a Device  Deleting a Database, In-Memory, or Dump Device  Engines  Monitor Engines  Displaying Engine CPU Utilization  Engine Statistics and Details  Manage Engine Groups  Creating Engine Groups  Engine Groups Properties  Deleting an Engine Group  Generating DDL for an Engine Group  Execution Classes  Creating Execution Classes  Execution Classes Properties  Modifying Bindings to Execution Classes  Extended Stored Procedures  Creating an Extended Stored Procedure  Replacing an Extended Stored Procedure Definition  Extended Stored Procedures Properties  Granting Execute Permission on an Extended Stored Procedure  Revoking Execute Permission on an Extended Stored Procedure  Deleting an Extended Stored Procedure  Generating DDL for an Extended Stored Procedure  Functions  Manage Scalar Functions  Creating a Scalar Function  Replacing a Scalar User Defined Function Definition  Scalar Function Properties  Granting Execute Permission on a Scalar Function  Revoking Execute Permission on a Scalar Function  Deleting a Scalar Function  Generating DDL for a Scalar Function  Manage SQLJ Functions  Creating a SQLJ Function  Replacing a SQLJ Function Definition  SQLJ Function Properties  Deleting a SQLJ Function  Generating DDL for a SQLJ Function  Networks  Managing Remote Servers  Configuring a Server for Remote Procedure Calls  Adding a Remote Server  Deleting a Remote Server  Remote Server Properties  Testing a Remote Server Connection  Setting Options for a Remote Server  Managing Remote Server Login Mappings  Managing CIS Roles and Logins Mappings  Precomputed Result Sets  Configuring SAP ASE to Use Precomputed Result Sets  Viewing Precomputed Result Sets  Creating a Precomputed Result Set  Deleting a Precomputed Result Set  Altering a Precomputed Result Set  Refreshing Precomputed Result Sets  Truncating a Precomputed Result Set  Granting Permissions on Precomputed Result Sets  Revoking Permissions on Precomputed Result Sets  Granting Precomputed Result Set Permissions to a Specific User  Revoking Precomputed Result Set Permissions from a Specific User  Displaying Information About Precomputed Result Sets  Generating DDL for a Precomputed Result Set  Procedures  Manage Stored Procedures  Creating a Stored Procedure  Replacing a Stored Procedure Definition  Stored Procedure Properties  Granting Execute Permission on a Stored Procedure  Revoking Execute Permission on a Stored Procedure  Deleting a Stored Procedure  Generating DDL for a Stored Procedure  Manage SQLJ Procedures  Creating a SQLJ Procedure  Replacing a SQLJ Procedure Definition  SQLJ Procedure Properties  Deleting a SQLJ Procedure  Generating DDL for a SQLJ Procedure  Processes  Identifying Resource-Intensive Processes  Identifying Blocked Processes and Blocking Processes  Terminating Blocking Processes  Identifying the Lead Blocker in a Chain  Displaying the SQL Query Associated with a Process  Displaying Wait Events for a Process  Process Statistics and Details  Replication Agents  Monitoring RepAgent Threads  Replication Agent Statistics and Details  Rules  Manage Rules  Creating a Rule  Replacing a Rule Definition  Rule Properties  Deleting a Rule  Generating DDL for a Rule  Security  Manage Encryption Keys  Modifying and Deleting a System Encryption Password  Creating a System Encryption Password  Creating a Master Key  Master Key Properties  Modifying, Regenerating, and Deleting a Master Key  Dual Control and Split Knowledge  Creating a Column Encryption Key  Column Encryption Keys Properties  Creating a Key Copy  Modifying and Deleting a Column Encryption Key  Creating a Database Encryption Key  Database Encryption Keys Properties  Granting Encryption Permissions to a Role, User, or Group  Modifying a Database Encryption Key  Deleting an Encryption Key  Generate DDL for an Encryption Key  Manage Login Profiles  Creating a Login Profile  Login Profile Properties  Removing Roles Granted to a Login Profile  Granting Roles to a Login Profile  Deleting a Login Profile  Displaying Logins Assigned to a Login Profile  Transferring Login Attributes to a Login Profile  Manage Logins  Creating a Login  Login Properties  Managing Users Mapped to Logins  Removing Roles from a Login  Granting Roles to a Login  Configuring Login Password Properties  Changing a Login Password  Displaying Login Account Properties  Assigning Login Profiles to a Login  Deleting a Login  Manage Groups  Creating a Group  Adding or Removing Users to or from a Group  Group Properties  Setting Command Permissions for a Group  Granting Object Permissions to a Group  Revoking Object Permissions from a Group  Granting Privileges to a Group  Revoking Privileges from a Group  Deleting a Group  Generate DDL for a Group  Manage Users  Creating a User  Transferring Ownership of a Database Object  Users Properties  Granting Object Permissions to a User  Revoking Object Permissions from a User  Granting Privileges to a User  Revoking Privileges from a User  Setting Command Permissions for a User  Deleting a User  Manage Roles  Expiring a Role Password  Creating a Role  Restoring System Roles  Role Properties  Revoking Object Permission from a Role  Granting Object Permissions to a Role  Revoking Privileges from a Role  Granting Privileges to a Role  Creating Role Hierarchy  Managing Mutually Exclusive Roles  Removing Login Profiles Assigned to a Role  Assigning Login Profiles to a Role  Removing Logins Assigned to a Role  Assigning Logins to a Role  Setting Command Permissions for a Role  Segments  Monitor Segments  Determining the Space Used by a Table on a Segment  Extending a Segment in SAP ASE  Segment Statistics and Details  Manage Segments  Displaying Segments  Creating a Segment  Segment Properties  Removing a Threshold from a Segment  Adding a Threshold to a Segment  Removing a Database Device from a Segment  Adding a Database Device to a Segment  Deleting a Segment  Generating DDL for a Segment  Statistics  Interpreting Statistics  Updating Statistics on a Table  Updating Statistics on Specific Columns  Updating Statistics on an Index  Updating Statistics for a Data Partition  Updating Statistics on an Index Partition  Deleting Statistics from a Table  Deleting Statistics from a Column  Deleting Statistics from a Data Partition  SQL Activity  Monitoring SQL Queries  Executing SQL Statements  Tables  Creating a User or Proxy Table  Creating a Column  Creating an Index  Restoring Table Data  Creating a Foreign Key  Creating a Check Constraint  Checking Table Consistency  Binding Defaults and Rules to a Column  Placing a Table on a Segment  Setting the Table Locking Scheme  Creating a Unique Constraint or Primary Key  Manage Table Compression  Identifying Table Compression Candidates  Initiating a Compression Estimate  Applying Compression Settings  Manage Index Compression  Setting Index Compression on an Index  Setting Index Compression on a Local Index Partition  Setting Index Compression on a Table  Manage Triggers  Creating a Trigger  Trigger Properties  Replacing a Trigger Definition  Incrementally Transferring Data  Enabling Incremental Transfer  Incrementally Transferring Data In  Incrementally Transferring Data Out  Bulk Copying Data  Bulk Copying Data Into or Out of Tables  Setting Table or Column Permissions  Granting Table Permissions  Revoking Table Permissions  Granting Column Permissions  Revoking Column Permissions  Manage Partitions  Partition Locking  Enabling Partition Locking  Enabling Semantic-based Partitioning  Using a Hash Partition  Using a Range Partition  Using a List Partition  Using a Round-Robin Partition  Splitting a Partition  Merging Partitions  Moving a Partition  Deleting a Partition  Reorganize Tables and Table Objects  Reorganizing Tables at the Database Level  Reorganizing Tables  Reorganizing Table Partitions  Reorganizing Indexes  Reorganizing Index Partitions  Status Messages  Table Properties  Column Properties  Index Properties  Foreign Key Properties  Check Constraint Properties  Partition Properties  Deleting a Table  Deleting an Index  Thread Pools  Monitor Threads  Identifying the Threads in a Thread Pool  Thread Statistics and Details  Manage Thread Pools  Creating a Thread Pool  Thread Pool Properties  Transactions  Identifying a Transaction’s Process  Transaction Statistics and Details  User-Defined Datatypes  Adding a User-Defined Datatype  User-Defined Datatypes Properties  Deleting a User-Defined Datatype  Views  Creating a View  Replacing a View Definition  View Properties  Granting Permissions on Views  Revoking Permissions on Views  Deleting a View  Troubleshoot SAP Control Center for SAP ASE  Data Display Problems  Cannot Monitor SAP ASE or Display Statistics Chart  Data on Screens or Charts Is Missing  Database Objects Are Not Updated  Error: No Result Set for this Query  Error: No Data Was Found For Statistic  Error: Unable to Format the Date String  Properties for Engine Groups Incorrectly Displayed  Same Name Engine Groups Are Not Selectable  "Number of Transactions" KPI Is Not Updated  Cannot Find Error Information For Monitor View  Display Large Number of Objects in Administration Console  Data Collection and Alert Problems  Collection Job for SAP ASE Fails  Alerts Are Configured But Do Not Fire  Data Collections Fail to Complete  Alerts Are Not Generated  Authentication and Access Problems  Cannot Log In  SAP Control Center Fails to Start  Browser Refresh (F5) Causes Logout  Invalid Connection Profile  Cannot Authenticate Server Configured with a Multibyte Character Set  Features Are Not Enabled Although You Have sa_role  Resetting the Online Help  Performance Problems  SAP ASE is Responding Slowly  Memory Warnings at Startup  SCC Out of Memory Errors  Performance Statistics Do Not Cover Enough Time  Collect Diagnostic Data  Preparing to Collect Diagnostic Data  Collecting Field Diagnostic Data  Collecting Optimizer Diagnostic Data  Upload Diagnostic Data  Uploading Diagnostic Data Via FTP  Submitting Diagnostic Data via E-mail Message  Deleting a Diagnostic Data File  Glossary: SAP Control Center for SAP ASE  Utility Guide SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0  Types of Utilities  Threaded Versions of Utilities  Installation or Configuration Utilities  Utilities for Languages, Character Sets, and Sort Orders  Utilities to Start Servers  Database Creation and Manipulation Utilities  Utilities to Gather Information  Tuning Utility  Utility to Manage a Cluster  Utility Commands Reference  auditinit  backupserver  bcp  Usage for bcp  Copying Tables with Indexes or Triggers Using bcp  Using bcp with Compressed Data  buildmaster  certauth  certpk12  certreg  charset  cobpre  cpre  dataserver  Usage for dataserver  Dependencies and Conditions of dataserver -b and -w Options  Potential Issues of Using dataserver -f and -w Options Together  ddlgen  Usage for ddlgen  Hiding Passwords in ddlgen  ddlgen and Encryption  ddlgen for Encrypted Columns  Encrypted Columns and Specifying the -XOD Flag in ddlgen  ddlgen Support for Key Copies  EKC Encryption Key Copy Filter and ddlgen  Create Table DDL  defncopy  dscp  dsedit  extractjava  installjava  Usage for installjava  Cases When Adding New JARs Causes Exceptions  Updating JARs and Classes  Locks  isql  Usage for isql  Interactive isql Commands  isql Session Commands  Prompt Labels and Double Wildcards in an isql Session  Command History in isql  langinstall  optdiag  Usage for optdiag  Byte Ordering and Binary optdiag Files  optdiag Input Mode  preupgrade  Usage for preupgrade  The preupgrade -D Parameter  pwdcrypt  qptune  qrmutil  showserver  sqldbgr  Usage for sqldbgr  Error Messages in sqldbgr  sqlloc  sqllocres  sqlsrvr  Usage for sqlsrvr  Starting an SAP ASE Server  startsrvr Dependencies and Conditions with -b and -w  sqlupgrade  sqlupgraderes  srvbuild  Usage for srvbuild  Using LDAP with srvbuild in a 64-bit Environment  srvbuildres  startserver  Usage for startserver  The Runserver File  sybatch  sybcluster  syconfig  sybdiag  Usage for sybdiag  Viewing sybdiag Output  Configuration Options for sybdiag  sybdumptran  Usage for sybdumptran  sybmigrate  sybrestore  sybtsmpasswd  updatease  xpserver  Using bcp to Transfer Data to and from SAP ASE  Methods for Moving Data  Import and Export Data with bcp  bcp Modes  bcp Requirements  bcp Permissions  Before You Transfer  Copy Data to Partitions Using bcp  Improve bcp Performance  Fast, Fast-logged, and Slow bcp  Slow bcp  Fast bcp  Fast-logged bcp  Copying Tables with Indexes  Locking Scheme and Fast bcp  Space Requirements for Copying  Summary of Steps for Fast and Fast-logged bcp  Bulk Copying Data into Partitioned Tables  Copying Data Randomly Into Partitions  Monitoring bcp Sessions with dbcc checktable and sp_helpsegment  Reducing Logging by Increasing Page Allocations  Using Parallel Bulk Copy to Copy Data into a Specific Partition  bcp in and Locks  Parallel Bulk Copy Methods  Parallel Bulk Copy Syntax  Using Parallel Bulk Copy on Round-robin Partitioned Tables  Parallel Bulk Copy and IDENTITY Columns  Retaining Sort Order  Specifying the Value of a Table’s IDENTITY Column  Bulk Copying Encrypted Data  bcp Options  Using the Default Formats  Native Format  Character Format  Change Terminators from the Command Line  Change the Defaults in Interactive bcp  Respond to bcp Prompts  File Storage Type  Prefix Length  Field length  Field and Row Terminators  Choose Terminators  Format Files  Examples of Copying Out Data Interactively  Examples of Copying In Data Interactively  bcp and Alternate Languages  Support for Initialization Strings  bcp and Row-Level Access Rules  Copy In and Batch Files  Improve Recoverability  Batches and Partitioned Tables  Copy Out and Text and Image Data  Specify a Network Packet Size  Copy In and Error Files  Copy Out and Error Files  Data Integrity for Defaults, Rules, and Triggers  How bcp Differs from Other Utilities  Using dataserver Build Servers  Building a New Master Device  Environments When Using dataserver  Specifying Device and Logical Page Sizes When Building a New SAP ASE Server  Starting an Existing a SAP ASE Server  Upgrading to a Server With Larger Page Sizes  Viewing the Current Server Limits  Using dscp to View and Edit Server Entries  Starting dscp  Working with Server Entries  Adding and Modifying Server Entries  Adding a Server Entry  Modifying or Deleting a Server Entry  Copy Server Entries  List and View Contents of Server Entries  Delete Server Entries  Exiting dscp  Using dsedit to View and Edit Server Entries  Add, View, and Edit Server Entries  Using dsedit in UNIX  Starting dsedit in UNIX  Open an Editing Session in UNIX  Modify Server Entries in UNIX  Adding a New Server Entry in UNIX  Viewing or Modifying a Server Entry in UNIX  Add or Edit Network Transport Addresses  TCP/IP Addresses  SPX/IPX Addresses  Copying a Server Entry to Another Interfaces File in UNIX  Copying Server Entries Within the Current Session  Copying Server Entries Between Sessions  Using dsedit in Windows  Starting dsedit in Windows  Open an Editing Session in Windows  Opening a Session in Windows  Opening Additional Sessions in Windows  Switching Between Sessions in Windows  Modify Server Entries in Windows  Adding a Server Entry  Modifying a Server Attribute  Renaming a Server Entry  Deleting a Server Entry  Copying Server Entries Within the Current Session in Windows  Copying Server Entries Between Sessions in Windows  Troubleshooting dsedit  Using Interactive isql from the Command Line  Starting isql  Stopping isql  Using Transact-SQL in isql  Formatting isql Output  Correcting isql Input  set Options that Affect Output  Changing the Command Terminator  Performance Statistics Interaction with Command Terminator Values  Input and Output Files  UNIX command line redirection  Using Interactive SQL in Graphics Mode  Starting Interactive SQL  The Main Interactive SQL Window  Plan Dialog Tab  The Interactive SQL Toolbar  Open Multiple Windows  Keyboard Shortcuts  Display Data Using Interactive SQL  Edit Table Values in Interactive SQL  Copying Rows from the Interactive SQL Result Set  Editing Rows from the Interactive SQL Result Set  Inserting Rows into the Database from the Interactive SQL Result Set  Deleting Rows from the Database Using Interactive SQL  SQL Statements in Interactive SQL  Canceling an Interactive SQL Command  Combining Multiple Statements  Looking Up Tables, Columns, and Procedures  Recall Commands  Logging Commands  Configure Interactive SQL  General Dialog Box  Result Dialog Box  Import/Export Dialog Box  Messages Dialog Tab  Editor Dialog Box  Query Editor Dialog Box  Processing Command Files  Saving SQL Statements to a File  Executing Command Files  Saving, Loading, and Running Command Files  The SQL Escape Syntax in Interactive SQL  Interactive SQL Commands  Interactive sybcluster Commands Reference  Commands Active Before Connecting to a Cluster  Commands Active After Connecting to a Cluster  add backupserver  add instance  connect  create backupserver  create cluster  create xpserver  deploy plugin  diagnose cluster  diagnose instance  disconnect  drop backupserver  drop cluster  drop instance  drop xpserver  exit  help  localize  quit  set backupserver  set cluster  set instance  set xpserver port  show agents  show backupserver config  show cluster  show instance  show membership mode  show session  show xpserver  shutdown cluster  shutdown instance  start cluster  start instance  upgrade server  use  Using sybmigrate to Migrate Data  What sybmigrate Does  What sybmigrate Does Not Do  Before You Begin  Permissions  Changing Target Login Accounts  Platforms  Environment Settings  Migrating Proxy Tables  Migration process  Overview of the Migration Process  Pre-migration Considerations  Configuration and Tuning for Higher Performance  Configuration Considerations for SAP ASE  Possible Errors to Avoid  Auto-select Dependent Objects for Migration  Migrating an Archive Database  Upgrading an SAP ASE Server with an Archive Database  Downgrading an SAP ASE Server with an Archive Database  GUI Mode  Setting Up Source Databases for Migration  Begin the Migration  Validating the Migration  Migration and Validation Progress  Resource File Mode  Using sybmigrate with Encrypted Columns  Post-migration Activities  Migrate Databases in the Replication Server Domain  Preparing for Migration  Postmigration Procedures  Restoring Primary Databases  Restoring the RSSD  Amending System Tables When the Logical Page Size Changes  Restoring Replicate Databases  Logs  Migrating Databases That Support Wide Data  Limitations  Stopping High Availability  Other Limitations  Troubleshooting and Error Messages  Using sybrestore to Restore Databases  Before You Begin  sybrestore Checks  Compatibility Geometry Check  sybrestore Syntax  Restoring a Database in Noninteractive Mode  Restoring a Database in Interactive Mode  Interactive Menu Options  Logging sybrestore Output  Providing a Mapping Directory  Restoring a Database to a Point In Time  Example of Restoring a Database to a Point In Time  Restoring User and System Databases  Master Database Restore  Prerequisites for Restoring a Master Database  Configuration and Resource Files  Creating or Editing the Restore Utility Configuration File  Creating or Editing Resource Files  Resource File Examples  Restoring a Master Database  Transact-SQL Users Guide 16.0  SQL Building Blocks  Tables, Columns, and Rows  Queries, Data Modification, and Commands  Relational Operations  Compiled Objects  Save or Restore Source Text  Verify and Encrypt Source Text  Replacing Object Definitions  Compliance to ANSI Standards  Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) Flagger  Chained Transactions and Isolation Levels  Identifier Compliance to ANSI Standards  SQL Standard-Style Comments  Right Truncation of Character Strings  Permissions Required for update and delete Statements  Arithmetic Errors  Synonymous Keywords  Treatment of Nulls  Data and Language Characters  Naming Convention Identifiers  Multibyte Character Sets  Delimited Identifiers  Uniqueness and Qualification Conventions  Remote Servers  Expressions in SAP ASE  Arithmetic Operators  Bitwise Operators  The String Concatenation Operator  The Comparison Operators  Nonstandard Operators  Character Expression Comparisons  Empty Strings  Quotation Marks  Relational and Logical Expressions  Transact-SQL Extensions  compute Clause  Control-of-Flow Language  Stored Procedures  Extended Stored Procedures  Triggers  Defaults and Rules  Error Handling and set Options  Additional SAP ASE Extensions to SQL  SAP ASE Login Accounts  isql Utility  Default Databases  Network-Based Security Services with isql  Displaying SQL Text  Databases and Tables  Databases  Create a User Database  The on Clause  The log on Clause  for load Option  Choose a Database  Permissions Within Databases  Initialize Databases Asynchronously  Determine If There is Space to be Initialized  Restrictions for Initializing Databases Asynchronously  Drop Databases  Change the Database Size  Enforce Data Integrity in Databases  quiesce database Command  Tables  Designing and Creating a Table  Table Names  Create the User-Defined Datatypes  Choose Columns That Accept Null Values  Sample Table Design Sketch  Define the Sample Table  Create Tables in Different Databases  Create New Tables from Query Results: select into  Check for Errors  Temporary Tables Usage  Unique Temporary Table Names  Manipulate Temporary Tables in Stored Procedures  General Rules for Temporary Tables  Deferred Table Creation  Deferred Table Creation at the Database Level  Create Deferred Tables  Explicitly Materialize Deferred Tables  Identify Deferred Tables  Roll Back for Deferred Tables  Command Behavior in Deferred Tables  IDENTITY Columns Usage  Create IDENTITY Columns with User-Defined Datatypes  Reference IDENTITY Columns  Refer to IDENTITY Columns with syb_identity  Automatically Create “hidden” IDENTITY Columns  Using select into with IDENTITY Columns  Select an IDENTITY Column into a New Table  Select the IDENTITY Column More Than Once  Add a New IDENTITY Column with select into  Define a Column for Which the Value Must Be Computed  IDENTITY Columns Selected into Tables with Unions or Joins  Allow Null Values in a Column  Constraints and Rules Used with Null Values  Defaults and Null Values  Nulls Require Variable-Length Datatypes  text, unitext, and image Columns  Alter Existing Tables  Objects Using select * Do Not List Changes to Table  Use alter table on Remote Tables  Add Columns  Add Columns Appends Column IDs  Add NOT NULL Columns  Add Constraints  Drop Columns  Drop Columns Renumbers the Column ID  Drop Columns Without Performing a Data Copy  Restrictions for no datacopy Parameter  Drop Constraints  Modify Columns  Convert Datatypes  Modifying Tables and Using Bulk Copy  Decreased Column Length May Truncate Data  Modify datetime Columns  Modify the NULL Default Value of a Column  Check Columns That Have Precision or Scale  Modify text, unitext, and image Columns  Add IDENTITY Columns  Drop IDENTITY Columns  Modify IDENTITY Columns  Data Copying  Change exp_row_size  Modifying Locking Schemes and Table Schema  Add, Drop, or Modify Columns with User-Defined Datatypes  Errors and Warnings from alter table  Errors and Warnings Generated by alter table modify  Scripts Generated by if exists()...alter table  Rename Tables and Other Objects  Rename Dependent Objects  Drop Tables  Manage Identity Gaps in Tables  Parameters for Controlling Identity Gaps  Comparison of identity burning set factor and identity_gap  Set the Table-Specific Identity Gap  Change the Table-Specific Identity Gap  Display Table-Specific Identity Gap Information  Gaps from Other Causes  IDENTITY Column Maximum Value  Define Integrity Constraints for Tables  Table and Column Level Constraints  Create Error Messages for Constraints  Check Constraints  Default Column Values  unique and primary key Constraints  Referential Integrity Constraints  Table and Column Level Referential Integrity Constraints  Using Create Schema for Cross-Referencing Constraints  General Rules for Creating Referential Integrity Constraints  Designing Applications That Use Referential Integrity  Computed Columns  Computed Columns Usage  Computed Columns Example  Indexes on Computed Columns  Deterministic Property  Effects of Deterministic Property on Computed Columns  Effects of Deterministic Property on Materialized Computed Columns  Effects of Deterministic Property on Virtual Computed Columns  Effects of Deterministic Property on Function-Based Indexes  Examples of Nondeterministic Computed Columns  Retrieve Information About Databases and Tables  Help on Databases  Help on Database Objects  sp_help Usage on Database Objects  Use sp_helpconstraint to Find Table Constraint Information  Determining Much Space a Table Uses  List Tables, Columns, and Datatypes  Find an Object Name and ID  SQL-Derived Tables  SQL-Derived Tables and Optimization  SQL-Derived Table Syntax  Derived Column Lists  Correlated SQL-Derived Tables Are Not Supported  SQL-Derived Tables Usage  Nesting  Subqueries Using SQL-Derived Tables  Unions in Derived-Table Expressions  Unions in Subqueries  Rename Columns with SQL-Derived Tables  Constant Expressions  Aggregate Functions  Joins with SQL-Derived Tables  Create a Table From a SQL-Derived Table  Views with SQL-Derived Tables  Correlated Attributes  Partition Tables and Indexes  Partitioning Types  Range Partitioning  Hash Partitioning  List Partitioning  Round-Robin Partitioning  Partition Pruning  Composite Partitioning Keys  Indexes and Partitions  Global Indexes  Local Indexes  Guarantee a Unique Index  Create and Manage Partitions  Partitioning Tasks  Create a Range-Partitioned Table  Restrictions on Partition Keys and Bound Values for Range-Partitioned Tables  Create a Hash-Partitioned Table  Create a List-Partitioned Table  Create a Round-Robin–Partitioned Table  Create Partitioned Indexes  Create a Partitioned Table From an Existing Table  Change Data Partitions  Split, Merge, and Move Partitions  Partition Schemes Available for Splitting or Merging  Split Partitions  Merge Partitions  Move Partitions  Effect of Split or Merged Partitions on Indexes  Add Partitions to a Partitioned Table  Change the Partitioning Type or Key  Unpartition Round-Robin–Partitioned Tables  partition Parameter Usage  Change Partition-Key Columns  Configure Partitions  update, delete, and insert in Partitioned Tables  Update Values in Partition-Key Columns  Display Information About Partitions  Function Usage  Truncate a Partition  Using Partitions to Load Table Data  Update Partition Statistics  Improved Concurrency for Partition-Level Online Operations  Partition-Level Online Operation Syntax  Concurrency with Partition-Level Online Operations  Partition-Level Online Operations with Global Index  Virtually Hashed Tables  Structure of a Virtually Hashed Table  Create a Virtually Hashed Table  Limitations for Virtually Hashed Tables  Commands that Support Virtually Hashed Tables  Query Processor Support  Monitor Counter Support  System Procedure Support  Create Indexes on Tables  Guidelines for Using Indexes  Methods of Creating Indexes  Create Indexes  Issue create index in Parallel  Configuring enhanced parallel create index  Enhanced Parallel create index Usage  View Parallel create index Commands with showplan  Function-Based Indexes  Create Indexes Without Blocking Access to Data  Unique Indexes  IDENTITY Columns in Nonunique Indexes  Ascending and Descending Index-Column Values  Using fillfactor, max_rows_per_page, and reservepagegap  Indexes on Computed Columns  Clustered or Nonclustered Index Usage  Create Clustered Indexes on Segments  Index Options  ignore_dup_key Option  ignore_dup_row and allow_dup_row  sorted_data Option  on segment_name Option  Drop Indexes  Identifying the Indexes on a Table  Update Statistics for Indexes  Datatypes  System-Supplied Datatypes  Exact Numeric Types: Integers  Exact Numeric Types: Decimal Numbers  Approximate Numeric Datatypes  Money Datatypes  Date and Time Datatypes  Character Datatypes  unichar Datatype  Relational Expressions  Join Operators  Union Operators  Clauses and Modifiers  text Datatype  unitext Datatype  Binary Datatypes  image Datatype  bit Datatype  timestamp Datatype  sysname and longsysname Datatype  LOB Locators in Transact-SQL Statements  Implicitly Create a Locator  Explicitly Create a Locator  Convert the Locator Value to the LOB Value  Locator Scope  Convert Between Datatypes  Mixed-Mode Arithmetic and Datatype Hierarchy  Working with money Datatypes  Determine Precision and Scale  User-Defined Datatypes  Length, Precision, and Scale  Null Type  Associate Rules and Defaults with User-Defined Datatypes  Create User-Defined Datatype with IDENTITY Property  Create IDENTITY Columns from User-Defined Datatypes  Drop a User-Defined Datatype  Datatype Entry Rules  char, nchar, unichar, univarchar, varchar, nvarchar, unitext, and text  Date and Time  Enter Times  Enter Dates  Date Formats  Search Dates and Times  binary, varbinary, and image  money and smallmoney  float, real, and double precision  decimal and numeric  Integer Types and Their Unsigned Counterparts  timestamp  Get Information About Datatypes  Queries: Selecting Data from a Table  select Syntax  Check for Identifiers in a select Statement  Choose Columns Using the select Clause  Choose all Columns Using select *  Choose Specific Columns  Rearrange the Column Order  Rename Columns in Query Results  Expressions  Quoted Strings in Column Headings  Character Strings in Query Results  Computed Values in the select List  Arithmetic Operator Precedence  Select Text, Unitext, and Image Values  readtext Usage  select List Summary  select for update  Use select for update in Cursors and DML  Concurrency Issues  Eliminate Duplicate Query Results with Distinct  Specify Tables with the from Clause  Select Rows Using the where Clause  Comparison Operators in where Clauses  Ranges (between and not between)  Lists (in and not in)  Matching Character Strings: like  not like Usage  Different Results Using not like and ^  Use Wildcard Characters as Literal Characters  Interaction of Wildcard Characters and Square Brackets  Use Trailing Blanks and %  Use Wildcard Characters in Columns  “Unknown” Values: NULL  SQL Standard for NULL Concatenation  Test a Column for Null Values  Difference Between False and Unknown  Substitute a Value for NULLs  Expressions that Evaluate to NULL  Concatenate Strings and NULL  System-Generated NULLs  Connect Conditions with Logical Operators  Logical Operator Precedence  Multiple select Items in a Nested exists Query  Use a Column Alias in Nested select Statements  Subqueries: Queries Within Other Queries  Subquery Restrictions  Qualify Column Names  Subqueries with Correlation Names  Multiple Levels of Nesting  Using an Asterisk in Nested select Statements  Use Table-Name Qualifiers  Use Nested Queries with group by  Usage and Examples of Asterisks in select Statements  Subqueries in update, delete, and insert Statements  Subqueries in Conditional Statements  Subqueries Instead of Expressions  Types of Subqueries  Expression Subqueries  Use Scalar Aggregate Functions to Guarantee a Single Value  Use group by and having in Expression Subqueries  Use distinct with Expression Subqueries  Quantified Predicate Subqueries  Subqueries with any and all  > all Means Greater Than All Values  = all Means Equal to Every Value  > any Means Greater Than at Least One Value  = any Means Equal to Some Value  Subqueries Used with in  Subqueries Used with not in  Subqueries Using not in with NULL  Subqueries Used with exists  Subqueries Used with not exists  Find Intersection and Difference with exists  Subqueries Using SQL Derived Tables  Correlated Subqueries  Correlated Subqueries with Correlation Names  Correlated Subqueries with Comparison Operators  Correlated Subqueries in a having Clause  Aggregates, Grouping, and Sorting  Aggregate Functions and Datatypes  count versus count (*)  Aggregate Functions with distinct  Null Values and the Aggregate Functions  Using Statistical Aggregates  Organize Query Results into Groups: the group by Clause  group by and SQL Standards  Nest Groups with group by  Reference Other Columns in Queries Using group by  Expressions and group by  group by in Nested Aggregates  Null Values and group by  where Clause and group by  group by and all  Aggregates Without group by  Select Groups of Data: the having Clause  Interactions between having, group by, and where Clauses  having Without group by  Sort Query Results: the order by Clause  order by and group by  order by and group by Used with select distinct  Summarize Groups of Data: the compute Clause  Row Aggregates and compute  Rules for compute Clauses  Specify More Than One Column After compute  Use More Than One compute Clause  Apply an Aggregate to More Than One Column  Use Different Aggregates in the Aame compute Clause  Generate Totals: compute Without by  Combine Queries: the union Operator  Guidelines for union Queries  Joins: Retrieve Data from Several Tables  Join Syntax  Joins and the Relational Model  How Joins are Structured  The from Clause  The where Clause  Join Operators  Datatypes in Join Columns  Joins and Text and Image Columns  How Joins are Processed  Equijoins and Natural Joins  Joins with Additional Conditions  Joins Not Based on Equality  Self-Joins and Correlation Names  The Not-Equal Join  Not-Equal Joins and Subqueries  Join More Than Two Tables  Star Joins  Outer Joins  Inner and Outer Tables  Outer Join Restrictions  Views Used with Outer Joins  ANSI Inner and Outer Joins  Correlation Name and Column Referencing Rules for ANSI Joins  ANSI Inner Joins  The Join Table of an Inner Join  The on Clause of an ANSI Inner Join  ANSI outer joins  Placement of the Predicate in the on or where Clause  Nested ANSI Outer Joins  Transact-SQL Outer Joins  Outer Joins and Aggregate Extended Columns  Relocated Joins  Configuring Relocated Joins  How Null Values Affect Joins  Determine Which Table Columns to Join  Managing Data  Referential Integrity  Transactions  Sample Databases  Add New Data  Add New Rows with Values  Insert Data into Specific Columns  Restrict Column Data: Rules  The NULL Character String  Insert NULLs into Columns That Do Not Allow Them  Add Rows Without Values in All Columns  Change a Column’s Value to NULL  SAP ASE-generated values for IDENTITY columns  Explicitly Insert Data into an IDENTITY Column  Retrieve IDENTITY Column Values with @@identity  Reserve a Block of IDENTITY Column Values  Maximum Value of the IDENTITY Column  Modify the Maximum Value of the IDENTITY Column  Creating a New Table with a Larger Precision  Renumbering the Table IDENTITY Columns with bcp  Add New Rows with select  Use Computed Columns  Insert Data into Some Columns  Insert Data from the Same Table  Create Nonmaterialized, Non-Null Columns  Add Nonmaterialized Columns  Tables That Already Have Nonmaterialized Columns  Nonmaterialized Column Storage  Alter Nonmaterialized Columns  Limitations for Nonmaterialized Columns  Change Existing Data  Use the set Clause with Update  Assign Variables in the set Clause  Use the where Clause with update  Use the from Clause with update  Perform updates with joins  Update IDENTITY Columns  Change text, unitext, and image data  Truncate Trailing Zeros  Transfer Data Incrementally  Mark Tables for Incremental Transfer  Transfer Tables from a Destination File  Convert SAP ASE Datatypes to SAP IQ  Store Transfer Information  Exceptions and Errors  Sample Incremental Transfer  Replacing Data with New Rows  Delete Data  Use the from Clause with delete  Delete from IDENTITY Columns  Delete All Rows from a Table  truncate table Syntax  Views: Limit Access to Data  Advantages of Views  Security  Logical Data Independence  Create Views  create view Syntax  select Statement Usage with create view  View Definition with Projection  View Definition with a Computed Column  View Definition with an Aggregate or Built-In Function  View Definition with a Join  Views Used with Outer Joins  Views Derived From Other Views  Distinct Views  Views That Include IDENTITY Columns  Validate a View’s Selection Criteria  Views Derived from Other Views  Retrieve Data Through Views  View Resolution  Redefine Views  Rename Views  Alter or Drop Underlying Objects  Modify Data Through Views  Restrictions on Updating Views  Drop Views  Use Views as Security Mechanisms  Get Information About Views  Defining Defaults and Rules for Data  Create Defaults  Bind Defaults  Unbind Defaults  How Defaults Affect NULL Values  Drop Defaults  Create Rules  Bind Rules  Rules Bound to Columns  Rules Bound to User-Defined Datatypes  Precedence of Rules  Rules and NULL Values  Unbind Rules  Drop Rules  Retrieve Information About Defaults and Rules  Share Inline Defaults  Create an Inline Shared Default  Unbind a Shared Inline Default  Limitations for Shared Inline Defaults  Precomputed Result Sets  Benefits of Precomputed Result Sets  Configuring SAP ASE for Precomputed Result Sets  Creating Precomputed Result Sets  Identifying Precomputed Result Sets  Refreshing Precomputed Result Sets  Altering Precomputed Result Sets  Dropping or Truncating Precomputed Result Sets  Configuring Staleness  Querying Precomputed Result Sets  Rewriting Queries  Replicating Precomputed Result Sets  Restrictions for Precomputed Result Sets  Batches and Control-of-Flow Language  Rules Associated with Batches  Examples of Using Batches  Batches Submitted as Files  Control-of-Flow Language Usage  if...else  case Expression  case Expression for Alternative Representation  case and Division by Zero  rand Functions in case Expressions  case Expression Results  case Expressions and set ansinull  case Expression Requires at Least one Non-Null Result  Determining the Result Set  case and Value Comparisons  coalesce  nullif  begin...end  while and break...continue  declare and Local Variables  goto  return  print  raiserror  Create Messages for print and raiserror  waitfor  Comments  Slash-Asterisk Style Comments  Double-Hyphen Style Comments  Local Variables  Local Variables and select Statements  Local Variables and update Statements  Local Variables and Subqueries  Local Variables and while Loops and if…else Blocks  Variables and Null Values  Global Variables  Transactions and Global Variables  Check for Errors with @@error  Check IDENTITY Values with @@identity  Check the Transaction Nesting Level with @@trancount  Check the Transaction State with @@transtate  Check the Nesting Level with @@nestlevel  Check the Status From the Last Fetch  Transact-SQL Functions  Built-In Functions  System Functions  String Functions  Concatenating Expressions  Concatenation Operators and LOB Locators  Nest String Functions  Limits on String Functions  Text and Image Functions  readtext on unitext Columns Usage  Aggregate Functions  Aggregate Functions Used with the group by Clause  Aggregate Functions and Null Values  Vector and Scalar Aggregates  Aggregate Functions as Row Aggregates  Statistical Aggregate Functions  Formulas for Computing Standard Deviations  Mathematical Functions  Date Functions  Datatype Conversion Functions  convert Function Usage for Explicit Conversions  Datatype Conversion Guidelines and Constraints  Convert Character Data to a Noncharacter Type  Convert from One Character Type to Another  Convert Numbers to a Character Type  Convert to or from unitext  Rounding During Conversion To and From Money Types  Convert Date and Time Information  Convert Between Numeric Types  Convert Between Binary and Integer Types  Convert Between Binary and Numeric or Decimal Types  Convert Image Columns to Binary Types  Convert Other Types to bit  Convert Hexadecimal Data  Convert bigtime and bigdatetime Data  Convert NULL Value  Change the Date Format  Conversion Error Handling  Security Functions  XML Functions  User-Created Functions  Stored Procedures  Examples  Permissions  Performance  Create and Execute Stored Procedures  Deferred Name Resolution Usage  Parameters  Default Parameters  Default Parameters Usage  NULL as the Default Parameter  Wildcard Characters in the Default Parameter  Using Multiple Parameters  LOB Datatypes in Stored Procedures  Procedure Groups  with recompile in create procedure  with recompile in execute  Nesting Procedures  Temporary Tables in Stored Procedures  Set Options in Stored Procedures  Query Optimization Settings  Maximum Number of Arguments  Maximum Size for Expressions, Variables, and Arguments  Execution of Stored Procedures  Execute Procedures After a Time Delay  Execute Procedures Remotely  Execute a Procedure with execute as owner or execute as caller  Example with execute as Omitted  Example of Procedure with execute as  Deferred Compilation in Stored Procedures  Information Returned From Stored Procedures  Return Status  Reserved Return Status Values  User-Generated Return Values  Check Roles in Procedures  Return Parameters  Pass Values in Parameters  The Output Keyword  Restrictions Associated with Stored Procedures  Qualify Names Inside Procedures  Rename Stored Procedures  Rename Objects Referenced by Procedures  Stored Procedures as Security Mechanisms  Dropping Stored Procedures  System Procedures  Execute System Procedures  Permissions on System Procedures  Types of System Procedures  Other SAP ASE-Supplied Stored Procedures  Get Information About Stored Procedures  Get a Report with sp_help  View the Source Text of a Procedure with sp_helptext  Identify Dependent Objects with sp_depends  Use sp_depends with deferred_name_resolution  Identify Permissions with sp_helprotect  Extended Stored Procedures Usage  XP Server  CIS RPC Mechanism  sybesp_dll_version  Dynamic Link Library Support  Open Server API  ESPs and Permissions  ESPs and Performance  Create Functions for ESPs  Files for ESP Development  Open Server Data Structures  Open Server Return Codes  Outline of a Simple ESP Function  ESP Function Example  Building the DLL  Registering ESPs  create procedure Usage  sp_addextendedproc Usage  Remove ESPs  Renaming ESPs  Execute ESPs  System ESPs  Get Information About ESPs  ESP Exceptions and Messages  Cursors: Accessing Data  Types of Cursors  Cursor Scope  Cursor Scans and the Cursor Result Set  Make Cursors Updatable  Determine Which Columns Can Be Updated  How SAP ASE Processes Cursors  Monitor Cursor Statements  declare cursor  cursor_scrollability  Cursor Sensitivity  read_only Option  Open Cursors  Fetch Data Rows Using Cursors  fetch Syntax  into Clause Usage  Check Cursor Status  Get Multiple Rows With Each Fetch  Check the Number of Rows Fetched  Update and Delete Rows Using Cursors  Update Cursor Result Set Rows  Delete Cursor Result Set Rows  Close and Deallocate Cursors  Cursor Examples  Cursors in Stored Procedures  Cursors and Locking  Cursor-Locking Options  Transaction Support for Updatable Cursors  Get Information About Cursors  Browse Mode Versus Cursors  Triggers: Enforce Referential Integrity  Use Triggers Versus Integrity Constraints  Create Triggers  create trigger Syntax  Use Triggers to Maintain Referential Integrity  Test Data Modifications Against the Trigger Test Tables  Insert Trigger Example  Delete Trigger Examples  Update Trigger Examples  Multirow Considerations  Insert Trigger Example Using Multiple Rows  Delete Trigger Example Using Multiple Rows  Update Trigger Example Using Multiple Rows  Conditional Insert Trigger Example Using Multiple Rows  Roll Back Triggers  Global Login Triggers  Nesting Triggers  Trigger Self-Recursion  Rules Associated with Triggers  Triggers and Permissions  Trigger Restrictions  Implicit and Explicit Null Values  Triggers and Performance  set Commands in Triggers  Renaming and triggers  Disable Triggers  Drop Triggers  Multiple Triggers  Changing the Order of When a Trigger Is Fired  Order of Triggers in Merge Statements  Transactional Behavior with Multiple Triggers  Disabling and Reenabling Triggers  Get Information About Triggers  sp_help  sp_helptext  sp_depends  instead of Triggers  Inserted and Deleted Logical Tables  Triggers and Transactions  Nesting  Recursion  instead of insert Triggers  instead of update Trigger  instead of delete Trigger  Searched and Positioned update and delete  Get Information About instead of Triggers  In-Row Off-Row LOB  In-Row LOB Columns Compression  Migrate Off-Row LOB Data to In-Row Storage  In-Row LOB Columns and Bulk Copy  Methods for Migrating Existing Data  Set Up the mymsgs Example Table  Migrate Using Update Statement  Use reorg rebuild  Migrate Using alter table with Data Copy  Guidelines for Selecting the In-Row LOB Length  Identifying In-Row LOB Length Selection  Downgrading Tables Containing In-Row LOB Columns  Transactions: Maintain Data Consistency and Recovery  Transactions and Consistency  Transactions and Recovery  Transaction Usage  Allow Data Definition Commands in Transactions  System Procedures That Are Not Allowed in Transactions  Begin and Commit Transactions  Roll Back and Save Transactions  Transaction States  Nested Transactions  Example of a Transaction  Transaction Mode and Isolation Level  Choose a Transaction Mode  Transaction Modes and Nested Transactions  Find the Status of the Current Transaction Mode  Choose an Isolation Level  Default Isolation Levels for SAP ASE and ANSI SQL  Dirty Reads  Repeatable Reads  Find the Status of the Current Isolation Level  Change the Isolation Level for a Query  Isolation Level Precedences  Cursors and Isolation Levels  Stored Procedures and Isolation Levels  Triggers and Isolation Levels  Compliance with SQL Standards  Use the Lock Table Command to Improve Performance  Transactions in Stored Procedures and Triggers  Errors and Transaction Rollbacks  Transaction Modes and Stored Procedures  Run System Procedures in Chained Mode  Set Transaction Modes for Stored Procedures  Use Cursors in Transactions  Issues to Consider When Using Transactions  Backup and Recovery of Transactions  Locking Commands and Options  wait/nowait Option of the Lock Table Command  Session-Level Lock-Wait Limit  Server-Wide Lock-Wait Limit  Information on the Number of Lock-Wait Timeouts  Readpast Locking for Queue Processing  Incompatible Locks During readpast Queries  Allpages-Locked Tables and readpast Queries  Effects of Isolation Levels Select Queries with readpast  Data Modification Commands with readpast and Isolation Levels  text, unitext, and image columns and readpast  The pubs2 Database  Tables in the pubs2 Database  publishers Table  authors Table  titles Table  titleauthor Table  salesdetail Table  sales Table  stores Table  roysched Table  discounts Table  blurbs Table  au_pix Table  Diagram of the pubs2 Database  The pubs3 Database  Tables in the pubs3 Database  publishers Table  authors Table  titles Table  titleauthor Table  salesdetail Table  sales Table  stores Table  store_employees Table  roysched Table  discounts Table  blurbs Table  Diagram of the pubs3 Database  System Administration Guide 16.0: Volume 1  Overview of System Administration  Roles Required for System Administration Tasks  Database Owner  Database Object Owner  Performing System Administration Tasks  System Tables  Querying the System Tables  Keys in System Tables  Updating System Tables  System Procedures  Using System Procedures  System Procedure Tables  Creating Stored Procedures  System Extended Stored Procedures  Creating System ESPs  Logging Error Messages  Connecting to SAP ASE  The interfaces File  Directory Services  LDAP as a Directory Service  Multiple Directory Services  LDAP Directory Services Versus the SAP Interfaces File  LDAP Performance  Security Features Available in SAP ASE  System and Optional Databases  Overview of System Databases  The master Database  Controlling Object Creation in the master Database  Backing Up Master and Keeping Copies of System Tables  model Database  sybsystemprocs Database  tempdb database  Creating Temporary Tables  sybsecurity Database  sybsystemdb Database  sybmgmtdb Database  pubs2 and pubs3 Sample Databases  Maintaining the Sample Databases  pubs2 Image Data  dbccdb Database  sybdiag Database  Determining the Version of the Installation Scripts  System Administration for Beginners  Logical Page Sizes  Using “Test” Servers  Planning Resources  Achieving Performance Goals  Considerations When Installing SAP Products  Allocating Physical Resources  Dedicated Versus Shared Servers  Decision-Support and OLTP Applications  Advance Resource Planning  Operating System Configuration  Backup and Recovery  Keep Up-To-Date Backups of the master Database  Keep Offline Copies of System Tables  Automating Backup Procedures  Verify Data Consistency Before Backing Up a Database  Monitor the Log Size  Ongoing Maintenance and Troubleshooting  Starting and Stopping SAP ASE  Viewing and Pruning the Error Log  Keeping Records  Contact Information  Configuration Information  Maintenance Schedules  System Information  Disaster Recovery Plan  Additional Resources  Managing and Monitoring SAP ASE  SAP Control Center for SAP ASE  Configuration History Tracking  Configuring SAP ASE to Track Configuration Changes  Changes Captured  Querying ch_events  Setting Configuration Parameters  Modifying Configuration Parameters  Required Roles for Modifying Configuration Parameters  Unit Specification Using sp_configure  Global Versus Session Settings  Getting Help Information on Configuration Parameters  Using sp_configure  sp_configure Syntax Elements  Issue sp_configure with the Configuration File  Configuration File Naming Recommendations  Read or Write the Configuration File with sp_configure  Edit the Configuration File  Permissions for Configuration Files  Backing Up Configuration Files  Verify the Name of the Configuration File Currently in Use  Start SAP ASE Using a Configuration File  Configuration File Errors  The Parameter Hierarchy  User-Defined Subsets of the Parameter Hierarchy: Display Levels  The Effect of the Display Level on sp_configure Output  Performance Tuning with sp_configure and sp_sysmon  Using Configuration Parameters in a Clustered Environment  sp_configure Output  sysconfigures and syscurconfigs Tables  Example syscurconfigs and sysconfigures Query  Named Cache Configuration Parameter Group  Dump Configuration Parameter Group  Configuration Parameters  Alphabetical Listing of Configuration Parameters  abstract plan cache  abstract plan dump  abstract plan load  abstract plan replace  abstract plan sharing  additional network memory  aggresive task stealing  allocate max shared memory  allow backward scans  allow nested triggers  allow procedure grouping  allow remote access  allow resource limits  allow sendmsg  allow sql server async i/o  allow updates to system tables  average cap size  audit queue size  auditing  automatic cluster takeover  builtin date strings  caps per ccb  capture compression statistics  capture missing statistics  check password for digit  CIPC large message pool size  CIPC regular message pool size  cis bulk insert array size  cis bulk insert batch size  cis connect timeout  cis cursor rows  cis idle connection timeout  cis packet size  cis rpc handling  cluster heartbeat interval  cluster heartbeat retries  cluster redundancy level  cluster vote timeout  column default cache size  compression info pool size  compression memory size  configuration file  cost of a logical io  cost of a physical io  cost of a cpu unit  cpu accounting flush interval  cpu grace time  current audit table  deadlock checking period  deadlock pipe active  deadlock pipe max messages  deadlock retries  default character set id  default database size  default exp_row_size percent  default fill factor percent  default language id  default network packet size  Requesting a Larger Packet Size at Login  default sortorder id  default unicode sortorder  default XML sortorder  deferred name resolution  disable character set conversions  disable disk mirroring  disable jsagent core dump  disable varbinary truncation  disk i/o structures  DMA object pool size  dtm detach timeout period  dtm lock timeout period  dump history filename  dump on conditions  dynamic allocation on demand  dynamic SQL plan pinning  early row send increment  enable async database init  enable backupserver HA  enable cis  enable compression  enable concurrent dump tran  enable console logging  enable DTM  enforce dump configuration  enable dump history  enable encrypted columns  enable enterprise java beans  enable file access  enable full-text search  enable functionality group  enable inline default sharing  enable HA  enable housekeeper GC  enable hp posix async i/o  enable HugePages  enable i/o fencing  enable ISM  enable java  enable job scheduler  enable js restart logging  enable large chunk elc  enable large pool for load  enable ldap user auth  enable literal autoparam  engine local cache percent  enable logins during recovery  enable merge join  enable metrics capture  enable monitoring  enable pam user auth  enable pci  enable permissive unicode  enable plan sharing  enable predicated privileges  enable query tuning mem limit  enable query tuning time limit  enable rapidlog  enable real time messaging  enable rep agent threads  enable row level access control  enable semantic partitioning  enable sort-merge join and JTC  enable sql debugger  enable ssl  enable stmt cache monitoring  enable surrogate processing  enable unicode conversion  enable unicode normalization  enable utility lvl 0 scan wait  enable webservices  enable xact coordination  enable xml  engine memory log size  errorlog pipe active  errorlog pipe max messages  esp execution priority  esp execution stacksize  esp unload dll  event buffers per engine  event log computer name (Windows only)  event logging  executable codesize + overhead  extended cache size  FIPS login password encryption  global async prefetch limit  global cache partition number  heap memory per user  histogram tuning factor  housekeeper free write percent  i/o accounting flush interval  i/o batch size  i/o polling process count  identity burning set factor  identity grab size  identity reservation size  idle migration timeout  job scheduler interval  job scheduler tasks  js heartbeat interval  js job output width  kernel mode  kernel resource memory  large allocation auto tune  license information  lock address spinlock ratio  lock hashtable size  lock scheme  lock shared memory  lock spinlock ratio  lock table spinlock ratio  lock timeout pipe active  lock timeout pipe max messages  lock wait period  log audit logon failure  log audit logon success  max async i/os per engine  On the Linux Platform  max async i/os per server  max buffers per lava operator  Differences Between number of sort buffers and max data buffers per lava sort  max cis remote connections  max concurrently recovered db  max js restart attempts  max memory  If SAP ASE Cannot Start  max native threads per engine  max nesting level  max network packet size  Choosing Packet Sizes  max network peek depth  max number network listeners  max online engines  max online Q engines  max parallel degree  max pci slots  max query parallel degree  max repartition degree  max resource granularity  max scan parallel degree  max SQL text monitored  max transfer history  max utility parallel degree  maximum dump conditions  maximum failed logins  maximum job output  memory alignment boundary  memory dump compression level  memory per worker process  messaging memory  metrics elap max  metrics exec max  metrics lio max  metrics pio max  min pages for parallel scan  minimum password length  mnc_full_index_filter  msg confidentiality reqd  msg integrity reqd  net password encryption reqd  network polling mode  In-Line Network Polling  number of alarms  number of aux scan descriptors  Monitoring and Estimating Scan Descriptor Usage  number of backup connections  number of ccbs  number of checkpoint tasks  number of devices  Setting the number of devices on UNIX  number of disk tasks  number of dtx participants  Optimizing the Number of DTX Participants for Your System  number of dump threads  number of early send rows  number of engines at startup  number of histogram steps  number of index trips  number of java sockets  number of large i/o buffers  number of locks  number of mailboxes  number of messages  number of network tasks  number of oam trips  number of open databases  Optimizing the number of open databases  number of open indexes  Optimizing number of open indexes  number of open objects  Optimizing number of open objects  number of open partitions  number of pre-allocated extents  Using a Value of 32 for the number of pre-allocated extents  number of Q engines at startup  number of remote connections  number of remote logins  number of remote sites  number of sort buffers  number of user connections  number of worker processes  o/s file descriptors  object lockwait timing  open index hash spinlock ratio  open index spinlock ratio  open object spinlock ratio  optimization goal  optimize temp table resolution  optimization timeout limit  optimizer level  page lock promotion HWM  page lock promotion LWM  page lock promotion PCT  page utilization percent  partition groups  partition spinlock ratio  pci memory size  per object statistics active  percent database for history  percent database for output  percent history free  percent output free  performance monitoring option  permission cache entries  plan text pipe active  plan text pipe max messages  print deadlock information  print recovery information  procedure cache size  procedure deferred compilation  process wait events  prod-consumer overlap factor  quorum heartbeat interval  quorum heartbeat retries  quoted identifier enhancements  rapidlog buffer size  rapidlog max files  read committed with lock  recovery interval in minutes  recovery prefetch size  remote server pre-read packets  restricted decrypt permission  row lock promotion HWM  row lock promotion LWM  row lock promotion PCT  rtm thread idle wait period  runnable process search count  runnable process search count versus idle timeout  sampling percent  secure default login  select for update  select on syscomments.text  send doneinproc tokens  session migration timeout  session tempdb log cache size  shared memory starting address  size of auto identity column  size of global fixed heap  size of process object heap  size of shared class heap  size of unilib cache  solaris async i/o mode  sproc optimize timeout limit  SQL batch capture  SQL Perfmon Integration  sql server clock tick length  sql text pipe active  sql text pipe max messages  stack guard size  stack size  start mail session  start xp server during boot  startup delay  statement cache size  statement pipe active  statement pipe max messages  statement statistics active  streamlined dynamic SQL  strict dtm enforcement  suppress js max task message  suspend audit when device full  syb_sendmsg port number  sysstatistics flush interval  systemwide password expiration  tape retention in days  tcp no delay  text prefetch size  threshold event max messages  threshold event monitoring  time slice  total data cache size  total logical memory  total physical memory  transfer utility memory size  txn to pss ratio  Optimizing the txn to pss ratio for your system  unified login required  update statistics hashing  upgrade version  use security services  user log cache queue size  user log cache size  user log cache spinlock ratio  utility statistics hashing  wait event timing  wait on uncommitted insert  workload manager cache size  xact coordination interval  xp_cmdshell context  Disk Resource Issues  Device Allocation and Object Placement  Commands for Managing Disk Resources  Considerations in Storage Management Decisions  Recovery  Performance  Status and Defaults at Installation  System Tables That Manage Storage  The sysdevices Table  The sysusages Table  The syssegments Table  The sysindexes Table  The syspartitions Table  Managing Remote Servers  Adding Remote Logins  Map Users’ Server IDs  Map Remote Logins to Particular Local Names  Map All Remote Logins to One Local Name  Keeping Remote Login Names for Local Servers  Example of Remote User Login Mapping  Password Checking for Remote Users  Effects of Using the Untrusted Mode  Getting Information About Remote Logins  Configuration Parameters for Remote Logins  Initializing Database Devices  Using the disk init command  Getting Information about Devices  Dropping devices  Designating Default Devices  Choosing Default and Nondefault Devices  Increasing the Size of Devices with disk resize  Insufficient Disk Space  Setting Database Options  Database Option Descriptions  Viewing the Options on a Database  Displaying Currently Set Switches with sysoptions  Configuring Character Sets, Sort Orders, and Languages  Advantages of Internationalized Systems  A Sample Internationalized System  Elements of an Internationalized System  Selecting the Character Set for Your Server  Unicode  Configuration Parameters  Functions  Using unichar Columns  Using unitext  Open Client Interoperability  Java Interoperability  Selecting the Server Default Character Set  Selecting the Sort Order  Different Types of Sort Orders  Selecting the Default Sort Order  Chinese Pinyin Sort Order  Selecting Case-Insensitive Sort Orders for Chinese and Japanese Character Sets  Selecting the Default Unicode Sort Order  Select a Language for System Messages  A Spanish-Version Server  A US-based company in Japan  A Japan-Based Company with Multinational Clients  Changing the character set, sort order, or message language  Changing the default character set  Changing the sort order with a resources file  Change the Default Sort Order  Reconfiguring the Character Set, Sort Order, or Message Language  Example: Converting a Unicode Database to UTF-8  Migrating Selected Columns to unichar  Migrating to or from unitext  Before Changing the Character Set or Sort Order  Set the User’s Default Language  Manage Suspect Partitions  Installing Date Strings for Unsupported Languages  Server Versus Client Date Interpretation  Internationalization and localization files  Character sets directory structure  Types of localization files  Software Messages Directory Structure  Global variables for Languages and Character Sets  Configuring Client/Server Character Set Conversions  Supported Character Set Conversions  Conversion for Native Character Sets  Conversion in a Unicode System  SAP ASE Direct Conversions  Unicode Conversions  Allowing Unicode noncharacters  Choosing a Conversion Type  Enabling and Disabling Character Set Conversion  Characters That Cannot Be Converted  Error handling in character set conversion  Conversions and Changes to Data Lengths  Specify the Character Set for Utility Programs  Display and file character set command line options  Diagnosing System Problems  How SAP ASE Uses Error Messages  Error Log Format  Error Messages and Message Numbers  Variables in Error Message Text  SAP ASE error logging  Severity Levels  Severity Levels 10 – 18  Level 10: Status Information  Level 11: Specified Database Object Not Found  Level 12: Wrong Datatype Encountered  Level 13: User Transaction Syntax Error  Level 14: Insufficient Permission to Execute Command  Level 15: Syntax Error in SQL Statement  Level 16: Miscellaneous User Error  Level 17: Insufficient Resources  Level 18: Nonfatal Internal Error Detected  Severity Levels 19 – 26  Level 19: SAP ASE Fatal Error in Resource  Level 20: SAP ASE Fatal Error in Current Process  Level 21: SAP ASE Fatal Error in Database Processes  Level 22: SAP ASE Fatal Error: Table Integrity Suspect  Level 23: Fatal Error: Database Integrity Suspect  Level 24: Hardware Error or System Table Corruption  Level 25: SAP ASE Internal Error  Level 26: Rule Error  Backup Server Error Logging  Killing Processes  Using kill with statusonly  Using sp_lock to Examine Blocking Processes  Using Shared Memory Dumps  Configuring Shared Memory Dump Conditions  System-Wide Default Settings  Housekeeper functionality  Housekeeper wash  Housekeeper chores  Housekeeper Garbage Collection  Configure SAP ASE Priority Level  Configuring enable housekeeper GC  Using The reorg Command  Shutting Down Servers  Shutting Down SAP ASE  Shutting down a Backup Server  Using nowait on a Backup Server  Learning about known problems  System Administration Guide 16.0: Volume 2  Limiting Access to Server Resources  Resource Limits  Plan Resource Limits  Enable Resource Limits  Define Time Ranges  Determe the Time Ranges You Need  Modifying a Named Time Range  Dropping a Named Time Range  When Do Time Range Changes Take Effect?  Identify Users and Limits  Identifying Heavy-Usage Users  Identifying Heavy-Usage Applications  Choosing a Limit Type  Determining Time of Enforcement  Determining the Scope of Resource Limits  Understanding Limit Types  Limiting I/O Cost  Identify I/O Costs  Calculate the I/O Cost of a Cursor  Scope of the io_cost Limit Type  Limiting Elapsed Time  Scope of the elapsed_time Limit Type  Limiting the Size of the Result Set  Scope of the row_count Limit Type  Setting Limits for tempdb Space Usage  Limiting Idle Time  Creating a Resource Limit  Resource Limit Examples  Getting Information on Existing Limits  Modifying Resource Limits  Dropping Resource Limits  Resource Limit Precedence  Mirroring Database Devices  Determining Which Devices to Mirror  Mirroring Using Minimal Physical Disk Space  Mirroring for Nonstop Recovery  Conditions That Do Not Disable Mirroring  Disk Mirroring Commands  Initializing Mirrors  Unmirroring a Device  Effects on System Tables  Restarting Mirrors  waitfor mirrorexit  Mirroring the Master Device  Getting Information About Devices and Mirrors  Disk Mirroring Tutorial  Disk Resizing and Mirroring  Configuring Memory  How SAP ASE Allocates Memory  Disk Space Allocation  How SAP ASE Allocates Buffer Pools  Heap Memory  Calculating Heap Memory  Memory Management in SAP ASE  Determining the Amount of Memory SAP ASE Needs  Determine the SAP ASE Memory Configuration  If You Are Upgrading  Determining the Amount of Memory SAP ASE Can Use  Configuration Parameters That Affect Memory Allocation  Dynamically Allocating Memory  If SAP ASE Cannot Start  Dynamically Decreasing Memory Configuration Parameters  Configuring Thread Pools  Determining the Total Number of Threads  Tuning the syb_blocking_pool  System Procedures for Configuring Memory  Viewing the Configuration Parameters for Memory  Memory Available for Dynamic Growth  Using sp_helpconfig  Using sp_monitorconfig  Configuration Parameters That Control SAP ASE Memory  SAP ASE Executable Code Size  Data and Procedure Caches  Determining the Procedure Cache Size  Determining the Default Data Cache Size  Monitoring Cache Space  Modify the ELC Size  Kernel Resource Memory  User Connections  Open Databases, Open Indexes, and Open Objects  Number of Locks  Database Devices and Disk I/O Structures  Parameters That Use Memory  Parallel Processing  Remote Servers  Referential Integrity  Parameters That Affect Memory  The Statement Cache  Setting the Statement Cache  Performing Ad Hoc Query Processing  Statement Matching Criteria  Caching Conditions  Statement Cache Sizing  Monitoring the Statement Cache  Aggregating Metrics from Syntactically Similar Queries  Purging the Statement Cache  Printing Statement Summaries  Displaying the SQL Plan for Cached Statements  Configuring Data Caches  The SAP ASE Data Cache  Cache Configuration Commands and System Procedures  Viewing Information About Data Caches  Configuring Data Caches  Creating a New Cache  Insufficient Space for New Cache  Adding Memory to an Existing Named Cache  Decreasing the Size of a Cache  Deleting a Cache  Explicitly Configuring the Default Cache  Changing the Cache Type  Improving the Recovery Log Scan During load database and load tran  Configuring a Cache Replacement Policy  Dividing a Data Cache into Memory Pools  Matching Log I/O Size for Log Caches  Binding Objects to Caches  Getting Information About Cache Bindings  Checking Cache Overhead  Effects of Overhead on Total Cache Space  Dropping Cache Bindings  Changing the Wash Area for a Memory Pool  When the Wash Area Is Too Small  When the Wash Area is Too Large  Setting the Housekeeper to Avoid Washes for Cache  Changing the Asynchronous Prefetch Limit for a Pool  Changing the Size of Memory Pools  Moving Space from the Memory Pool  Moving Space from Other Memory Pools  Adding Cache Partitions to Reduce Spinlock  Dropping a Memory Pool  When Pools Cannot Be Dropped Due to Page Use  Cache Binding Effects on Memory and Query Plans  Configuring Data Caches Using the Configuration File  Cache and Pool Entries in the Configuration File  Cache Configuration Guidelines  Configuration File Errors  Managing Multiprocessor Servers  SAP ASE Kernels  Target Architecture  Kernel Modes  Switching Kernel Modes  Tasks  Using Threads to Run Tasks  Configuring an SMP Environment  Thread Pools  Dynamic Thread Assignment  Managing Engines  Configuring Engines in Process Mode  Configuring Engines in Threaded Mode  Choosing the Right Number of Engines  Starting and Stopping Engines  Monitoring Engine Status  Starting and Stopping Engines with sp_engine  Relationship Between Network Connections and Engines  Logical Process Management and dbcc engine(offline)  Managing User Connections  Configuration Parameters That Affect SMP Systems  Configuring Spinlock Ratio Parameters  Round-Robin Assignment  Sequential Assignment  Creating and Managing User Databases  Permissions for Managing User Databases  Using the create database Command  Assigning Space and Devices to Databases  Default Database Size and Devices  Estimating the Required Space  Placing a Transaction Log on a Separate Device  Estimating the Transaction Log Size  Default Log Size and Device  Moving the Transaction Log to Another Device  Shrinking Log Space  Using dump and load database When Shrinking Log Space  Shrinking a Log Before a dump and load database  Using dump and load transaction When Shrinking Log Space  Shrinking Log Space  Calculating the Transaction Log Growth Rate  Database Recovery with the for load Parameter  Using the with override Option with create database  Changing Database Ownership  Altering Databases  Using alter database  Using the drop database Command  System Tables That Manage Space Allocation  The sysusages Table  The segmap Column  The lstart, size, and vstart Columns  SAP ASE Support for Replication by Column Value  Getting Information about Database Storage  Using sp_helpdb to Find Database Device Names and Options  Checking the Amount of Space Used  Checking Space Used in a Database  Checking Summary Information for a Table  Checking Information for a Table and Its Indexes  Querying System Table for Space Usage Information  Database Mount and Unmount  Manifest File  Operations That Copy and Move Databases  Performance Considerations  Device Verification  Mounting and Unmounting Databases  Unmounting a Database  Mounting a Database  Moving Databases from One SAP ASE to Another  System Restrictions  quiesce database Extension  Distributed Transaction Management  Configuration Considerations  Behavior for Transaction Manager-Coordinated Transactions  Enhanced Transaction Manager for SAP ASE Versions 15.0.3 or Later  RPC and CIS Transactions  SYB2PC Transactions  Enabling DTM Features  Configuring Transaction Resources  Calculating the Number of Required Transaction Descriptors  Setting the Number of Transaction Descriptors  Using SAP ASE Coordination Services  Overview of Transaction Coordination Services  Hierarchical Transaction Coordination  X/Open XA-Compliant Behavior in DTP Environments  Requirements and Behavior  Ensuring Sufficient Resources for Updates  number of dtx participants Parameter  Optimizing the number of dtx participants  Using Transaction Coordination Services on Remote Servers  Set the strict dtm enforcement Parameter  Monitoring Coordinated Transactions and Participants  DTM Administration and Troubleshooting  Transactions and Threads of Control  Lock Manager Support for Detached Transactions  Getting Information About Distributed Transactions  Transaction Identification in systransactions  Transaction Keys  Viewing active transactions with sp_transactions  Identify Local, Remote, and External Transactions  Identify the Transaction Coordinator  View the Transaction Thread of Control  Understanding Transaction State Information  Limiting sp_transactions Output to Specific States  Transaction Failover Information  Determining the Commit Node and gtrid with sp_transactions  Commit and Parent Nodes  Global Transaction ID  Executing External Transactions  Crash Recovery Procedures for Distributed Transactions  Transactions Coordinated with MSDTC During Crash Recovery  Transactions Coordinated by SAP ASE or X/Open XA During Crash Recovery  Transactions Coordinated with SYB2PC During Crash Recovery  Heuristically Completing Transactions  Completing Prepared Transactions  Maintaining a Transaction's Commit Status  Manually Clearing the Commit Status  Completing Transactions That Are Not Prepared  Determining the Commit Status for SAP ASE Transactions  Troubleshooting for Transactions Coordinated by External Transaction Managers  SAP ASE Implicit Rollback in External Transactions  Support for OData  OData Server Architecture  OData Server Limitations  Unsupported OData Protocol Features  Security Considerations for OData Server  Configuring OData Server  Setting Up an HTTP Server for OData  Create an OData Producer Service Model  OData Server Sample Files  Starting and Stopping OData Server  Creating and Using Segments  System-Defined Segments  Segment Usage in SAP ASE  Controlling Space Usage  Use Segments to Allocate Database Objects  Separating Tables, Indexes, and Logs  Splitting Tables  Moving a Table to Another Device  Creating Segments  Changing the Scope of Segments  Extending the Scope of Segments  Automatically Extending the Scope of a Segment  Reducing the Scope of a Segment  Assigning Database Objects to Segments  Creating New Objects on Segments  Placing Existing Objects on Segments  Placing Text Pages on a Separate Device  Creating Clustered Indexes on Segments  Dropping Segments  Getting Information About Segments  sp_helpsegment  sp_helpdb  sp_help and sp_helpindex  Segments and System Tables  A Segment Tutorial  Using the reorg Command  reorg Command and Its Parameters  Running reorg rebuild Concurrently  Using the optdiag Utility to Assess the Need for a reorg  Moving Forwarded Rows to Home Pages  Use reorg compact to Remove Row Forwarding  Reclaiming Unused Space from Deletions and Updates  Reclaming Space Without the reorg Command  Reclaiming Unused Space and Undoing Row Forwarding  Rebuilding a Table  Prerequisites for Running reorg rebuild  Changing Space Management Settings Before Using reorg rebuild  Using the reorg rebuild Command on Indexes  Rebuilding Indexes with reorg rebuild index_name partition_name  Space Requirements for Rebuilding an Index  Status Messages  resume and time Options for Reorganizing Large Tables  Incremental Reorganization  Checking the Reorganization Status  Clearing reorg defrag Information from sysattributes  Logging Behavior  Checking Database Consistency  Page and Object Allocation  Understanding the Object Allocation Map (OAM)  Understanding Page Linkage  dbcc Checks  dbcc Command Output  Checking Database and Table Consistency  dbcc checkstorage  Understanding the dbcc checkstorage Operation  Performance and Scalability  dbcc checktable  dbcc checkindex  dbcc checkdb  Checking Page Allocation  dbcc checkalloc  dbcc indexalloc  dbcc tablealloc  dbcc textalloc  Correcting Allocation Errors Using the fix | nofix Options  Generate Reports with dbcc tablealloc and dbcc indexalloc  Checking Consistency of System Tables  Strategies for Using Consistency Checking Commands  Using Large I/O and Asynchronous Prefetch  Scheduling Database Maintenance at Your Site  Database Use  Backup Schedule  Size of Tables and Importance of Data  Errors Generated by Database Consistency Problems  Reporting on Aborted checkstorage and checkverify Operations  Aborting with Error 100032  Comparison of Soft and Hard Faults  Soft Faults  Hard Faults  Verifying Faults with dbcc checkverify  Scheduling dbcc checkverify  Executing dbcc checkverify  Preparing to Use dbcc checkstorage  Planning Resources  Planning Workspace Size  Number of Concurrent Workspaces  Automatic Workspace Expansion  Configuring Worker Processes  Setting a Named Cache for dbcc  Configuring an 8-page I/O Buffer Pool  Disk Space for dbccdb  Segments for Workspaces  Creating the dbccdb Database  Updating the dbcc_config Table  Viewing the Current Configuration Values  Default Configuration Values  Deleting Configuration Values  dbccdb Maintenance Tasks  Reevaluating and Updating the dbccdb Configuration  Cleaning Up dbccdb  Performing Consistency Checks on dbccdb  Generating Reports from dbccdb  Reporting a Summary of dbcc checkstorage Operations  Upgrading Compiled Objects with dbcc upgrade_object  Finding Compiled Object Errors Before Production  Reserved Word Errors  Missing, Truncated, or Corrupted Source Text  Temporary Table References  Resolving select * Potential Problem Areas  Using Database Dumps in Upgrades  Upgrading Compiled Objects in Database Dumps  Developing a Backup and Recovery Plan  Tracking Database Changes  Getting Information About the Transaction Log  Determining When Log Records Are Committed  Changes to Logging Behavior  Risks of Using delayed_commit  Enabling set delayed_commit  Designating Responsibility for Backups  Checkpoints: Synchronizing a Database and Its Log  Setting the Recovery Interval  Automatic Checkpoint Procedure  Truncating the Log After Automatic Checkpoints  Free Checkpoints  Manually Requesting a Checkpoint  Automatic Recovery After a System Failure or Shutdown  Fast Recovery  SAP ASE Start-up Sequence  Bringing Engines Back Online  Parallel Recovery  Database Recovery  Specifying the Recovery Order  Changing or Deleting the Recovery Position of a Database  Listing the User-Assigned Recovery Order of Databases  Parallel Checkpoints  Recovery State  Tuning for Fast Recovery  The sybdumptran Utility  Fault Isolation During Recovery  Persistence of Offline Pages  Configuring Recovery Fault Isolation  Isolating Suspect Pages  Raising the Number of Suspect Pages Allowed  Getting Information About Offline Databases and Pages  Bringing Offline Pages Online  Index-Level Fault Isolation for Data-Only-Locked Tables  Side Effects of Offline Pages  Recovery Strategies Using Recovery Fault Isolation  Reload Strategy  Repair Strategy  Assessing the Extent of Corruption  Using the dump and load Commands  dump database: Making Routine Database Dumps  dump transaction: Making Routine Transaction Log Dumps  dump tran with no_truncate: Copying the Log After Device Failure  load database: Restoring the Entire Database  load transaction: Applying Changes to the Database  online database: Making the Database Available to Users  Dumping and Loading Databases Across Platforms  Dumping a Database  Loading a Database  Restrictions for Dumping and Loading Databases and Transactions  Improving Recovery Prefetch  Performance Notes  Moving a Database to Another SAP ASE  Upgrading a User Database  Using the Special Load Options to Identify Dump Files  Restoring a Database from Backups  Suspending and Resuming Updates to Databases  Guidelines for using quiesce database  Maintaining Server Roles in a Primary and Secondary Relationship  Starting the Secondary Server with the -q Option  “in quiesce” Database Log Record Value Updated  Updating the Dump Sequence Number  Backing up Primary Devices with quiesce database  Recovery of Databases for Warm Standby Method  Making Archived Copies During the Quiescent State  The mount and unmount Commands  Using Backup Server for Backup and Recovery  Requirements for Communicating with Backup Server  Mounting a New Volume  Starting and Stopping Backup Server  Configuring Your Server for Remote Access  Choosing Backup Media  Protecting Backup Tapes from Being Overwritten  Dumping to Files or Disks  Creating Logical Device Names for Local Dump Devices  Adding a Backup Device  Scheduling backups of user databases  Other Times to Back Up a Database  Scheduling Backups of master  Dump the master Database After Each Change  Save Scripts and System Tables  Truncate the master Database Transaction Log  Avoid Volume Changes and Recovery  Scheduling Backups of the model Database  Truncate the model Database’s Transaction Log  Schedule Backups of the sybsystemprocs Database  Configuring SAP ASE for Simultaneous Loads  Gather Backup Statistics  Backing Up and Restoring User Databases  Specifying the Database and Dump Device  Rules for Specifying Database Names  Rules for Specifying Dump Devices  Tape Device Determination by Backup Server  Tape Device Configuration File  Compressing a Dump  Backup Server Dump Files and Compressed Dumps  Loading Compressed Dumps  Cyclic Redundancy Checks for dump database  Dump History File  Backups for the Dump Configuration Files  Performing Cumulative Dumps  Dump and Load Sequences  Partially Logged Operations and Cumulative Dumps  Restrictions  Specifying a Remote Backup Server  Remote Dump Host Control  Specifying Tape Density, Block Size, and Capacity  Overriding the Default Density  Overriding the Default Block Size  Specifying a Larger Block Size Value  Specifying Tape Capacity for Dump Commands  Nonrewinding Tape Functionality for Backup Server  Tape Operations  Dump Version Compatibility  Apply Source Database Attributes to the Target Database  Generate SQL for a Different Target Database  Specifying the Volume Name  Loading from a Multifile Volume  Identifying a Dump  Improving Dump or Load Performance  Compatibility with Prior Versions  Reducing load database Time  Concurrent dump database and dump transaction Commands  Configure SAP ASE to Run Concurrent Dumps  Labels Stored in Integer Format  Configure Local and Remote Backup Servers  Setting Shared Memory Usage  Configuring Shared Memory Dumps  Setting the Maximum Number of Stripes  Setting the Maximum Number of Network Connections  Setting the Maximum Number of Service Threads  Automatic Physical Database Rearrangement on Load  Specify Additional Dump Devices with the stripe on Clause  Dumps to, and Loads from, Multiple Devices  Using Fewer Devices to Load Than to Dump  Specifying the Characteristics of Individual Devices  Tape Handling Options  Prevent Dump Files from Being Overwritten  Reinitializing a Volume Before a Dump  Dumping and Loading Databases with Password Protection  Overriding the Default Message Destination  Bringing Databases Online with standby_access  Getting Information About Dump Files  Requesting Dump Header Information  Determining the Database, Device, File Name, and Date  Copying the Log After a Device Failure  Responding to Volume Change Requests  Volume Change Prompts for Dumps  Volume Change Prompts for Loads  Recovering a Database: Step-By-Step Instructions  Getting a Current Dump of the Transaction Log  Examining the Space Usage  Dropping the Databases  Re-creating the Databases  Loading the Database  Loading the Transaction Logs  Loading a Transaction Log to a Point in Time  Bringing the Databases Online  Replicated Databases  Loading Database Dumps from Older Versions  Upgrading a Dump to the Current Version of SAP ASE  The Database Offline Status Bit  Version Identifiers and Automatic Upgrade  Cache Bindings and Loading Databases  Databases and Cache Bindings  Database Objects and Cache Bindings  Checking on Cache Bindings  Cross-Database Constraints and Loading Databases  Restoring the System Databases  Recovering the master Database  Recovery Procedure  Finding Copies of System Tables  Building a New Master Device  Replacing the Master Device  Rebuilding the Configuration Area  Starting SAP ASE in Master-Recover Mode  Re-creating Device Allocations for master  Checking Your Backup Server sysservers Information  Verifying That Your Backup Server Is Running  Loading a Backup of master  Updating the number of devices Configuration Parameter  Restarting SAP ASE in Master-Recover Mode  Checking System Tables to Verify Current Backup of master  Restarting SAP ASE  Restoring Server User IDs  Restoring the model Database  Checking SAP ASE  Backing Up master  Recovering the model Database  Recovering the sybsystemprocs Database  Restoring sybsystemprocs with installmaster  Restoring sybsystemprocs with load database  Reducing the Size of tempdb  Reset tempdb to Default Size  Restoring System Tables with disk reinit and disk refit  Restoring sysdevices with disk reinit  Restoring sysusages and sysdatabase with disk refit  Archive Database Access  Components of an Archive Database  The Database Dump  The Modified Pages Section  The sysaltusages Table and the Scratch Database  Working With an Archive Database  DDLGen Support for Archive Database Access  Configuring an Archive Database  Sizing the Modified Pages Section  Increasing the Amount of Space Allocated to the Modified Pages Section  Materializing an Archive Database  Using load database with norecovery  Using Logical Devices with an Archive Database  load database Limitations with an Archive Database  Bringing an Archive Database Online  Loading a Transaction Log into an Archive Database  Dropping an Archive Database  SQL Commands for Archive Databases  dbcc Commands for Archive Databases  Issuing a Typical Archive Database Command Sequence  Compressed Dumps for an Archive Database  Creating a Compression Memory Pool  Upgrading and Downgrading an SAP ASE with Archive Databases  Limitations for Downgrading an SAP ASE with an Archive Database  Compatibility Issues for a Compressed Dump  Archive Database Limitations  Shrinking Databases  Shrinking a Database  How SAP ASE Shrinks the Database  Shrink Operations on Databases That Contain Text or Image Data  Shrink Database Backlink Performance Improvements  Restarting Partially Completed Shrink Operations  Moving Data Before Shrinking the Database  Restrictions for Moving the Transaction Log  Locks Held During Data Movement  Determine the Status of a Shrink Operation  Upgrading or Downgrading Shrunken Databases  Restrictions  Expanding Databases Automatically  Layouts for Disks, Devices, Databases, and Segments  Threshold Action Procedures  Installing Automatic Database Expansion Procedures  Running sp_dbextend  Validating Current Thresholds  Configuring a Database for Automatic Expansion  Restrictions and Limitations  Managing Free Space with Thresholds  Monitoring Free Space with the Last-Chance Threshold  Controlling How Often sp_thresholdaction Executes  Rollback Records and the Last-Chance Threshold  Calculating the Space for Rollback Records  Using lct_admin to Determine the Free Log Space  Determining the Current Space for Rollback Records  Effect of Rollback Records on the Last-Chance Threshold  User-Defined Thresholds  Last-Chance Threshold and User Log Caches for Shared Log and Data Segments  Using lct_admin abort to Abort Suspended Transactions  Add Space to the Master Database’s Transaction Log  Automatically Aborting or Suspending Processes  Using abort tran on log full to Abort Transactions  Waking Suspended Processes  Adding, Changing, and Deleting Thresholds  Displaying Information About Existing Thresholds  Thresholds and System Tables  Creating Free-Space Thresholds  Changing or Specifying a New Free-Space Threshold  Dropping a Threshold  Creating a Free-Space Threshold for the Log Segment  Usage Scenario: Testing and Adjusting the New Threshold  Creating Additional Thresholds on Data and Log Segments  Determining Threshold Placement  Creating Threshold Procedures  Parameters for Threshold Procedures  Generating Error Log Messages  sp_thresholdaction Procedures that Include a dump transaction  A Simple Threshold Procedure  A More Complex Procedure  Placement for Threshold Procedures  Disabling Free-Space Accounting for Data Segments  Transaction Log Space Management  Transaction Log Space  Automating Transaction Log Management  Rescue Scenario Use Case  Monitoring Use Case  Monitoring and Control Use Case  Analyzing and Managing Transaction Log Space  Viewing the Span of a Transaction  Viewing the Oldest Active Transactions  Truncating a Log that Is Not on A Separate Segment  Truncating the Log in Early Development Environments  Truncating a Log that Has No Free Space  Dangers of Using with truncate_only and with no_log  Provide Sufficient Log Space  Querying the syslogshold Table  Migration Technology Guide 15.5  About this book  Migration Strategy  Preupgrade considerations  Understanding optimization goals  Optimization criteria  Resource recommendations for Adaptive Server 15.0  Incorporating statistics in Adaptive Server 15.0  Recommended testing before upgrade  Migrating to Adaptive Server 15.0 features  Upgrading, and using new features immediately  Upgrading, and using new features later  Upgrading, but not using new features  Troubleshooting  Query processing tips  Information to capture before contacting Technical Support  701 errors  Performance problems with a limited number of queries  System-wide performance issues  Uploading diagnostics to Technical Support  QPTune  Setting up your system  Using QPTune to fix missing statistics  Starting QPTune to fix missing statistics  Collecting statistics  Fixing statistics  Using undo_fix_stats  Using QPTune to tune queries or applications  Starting QPTune to tune queries or applications  Simple start  Custom start  Collecting metrics  Comparing metrics  Applying the best results  Configuration file  Examples  Upgrade issues  Localization  QPTune GUI  Environment and system requirements  Starting the QPTune GUI  Fixing missing statistics  Tuning Task  QPTune reference information  Running the Query Processor in Compatibility Mode  Enabling compatibility mode  Feature support in compatibility mode  Additional trace flag for diagnostics  New stored procedure sp_compatmode  Changes to @@qpmode global variable  Diagnostic tool  Performance and Tuning Series: Basics 16.0  Performance and Tuning Series: Improving Performance with Statistical Analysis 16.0  Performance and Tuning Series: Locking and Concurrency Control 16.0  Performance and Tuning Series: Monitoring Adaptive Server with sp_sysmon 16.0  Performance and Tuning Series: Monitoring Tables 16.0  Performance and Tuning Series: Physical Database Tuning 16.0  Performance and Tuning Series: Query Processing and Abstract Plans 16.0  Glossary 16.0  Quick Reference Guide 15.7  Quick Reference Guide  Datatypes  Standards and compliance  Datatypes and encrypted columns  Adaptive Server global variables  Reserved words  Transact-SQL reserved words  ANSI SQL reserved words  Potential ANSI SQL reserved words  Functions  XML functions  Commands  Interactive dbsql commands  System procedures  Catalog stored procedures  Extended stored procedures  dbcc stored procedures  System tables  DBCC tables  Monitoring tables  sybpcidb tables  Utilities  System Tables Diagram 16.0  Monitoring Tables Diagram 16.0  Troubleshooting: Error Messages Advanced Resolutions 15.0  About this book  Introduction  Understanding error message severity levels  Notifying the System Administrator  Variables in error message text  Finding object names in error message text  Finding the Adaptive Server version  Understanding the field order in the version string  Creating error messages  Reporting errors  Sybase Technical Support checklist  Sending error log fragments  Reproducing problems  Parser Errors (100s, 7380)  Error 102  Error 107  Error 195  Error 7380  Sequencer Errors (200s, 7783, 7788, 11000s, 14200)  Error 207  Error 208  Error 213  Error 216  Error 225  Error 226  Error 229  Error 232  Error 233  Error 241  Error 247  Error 257  Error 259  Error 265  Error 266  Error 268  Error 277  Error 7783  Error 7788  Error 11018  Error 11068  Error 11072  Error 14200  Query Processor Errors (300s, 400s, 500s)  Error 311  Error 313  Error 314  Error 403  Error 414  Error 428  Error 511  Error 512  Error 515  Error 530  Error 539  Error 540  Error 546  Error 547  Error 551  Error 584  Access Method Errors (600s)  Error 601  Error 603  Error 605  Error 611  Error 614  Error 622  Error 623  Error 624  Error 625  Error 629  Error 631  Error 644  Error 678  Error 691  Error 692  Error 693  Error 694  Error 695  Error 696  Error 697  Memory Manager Errors (700s)  Error 701  Error 702  Error 703  Error 706  Error 707  Error 709  Error 714  Error 715  Error 717  Error 718  Error 719  Error 720  Error 721  Buffer Manager Errors (800s)  Error 803  Error 804  Error 806  Error 813  Error 820  Error 821  Error 822  Error 823  Error 832  Error 834  Error 835  Error 840  Error 842  Error 847  Error 849  Error 852  Error 855  Error 861  Error 863  Error 881  Error 890  Open Database Manager Errors (900s)  Error 903  Error 905  Error 906  Error 908  Error 911  Error 913  Error 916  Error 921  Error 924  Error 925  Error 926  Error 930  Error 935  Error 940  Error 941  Error 945  Error 950  Error 965  Abstract Plan Manager Errors (1000s)  Error 1024  Page Manager Errors (1100s)  Error 1105  Error 1108  Error 1120  Error 1124  Error 1127  Error 1129  Error 1131  Error 1133  Error 1141  Error 1142  Error 1143  Error 1159  Error 1161  Lock Manager Errors (1200s)  Error 1203  Error 1204  Error 1205  Error 1243  Error 1244  Error 1249  Error 1251  Error 1265  Error 1279  Sort Manager Errors (1500s)  Error 1501  Error 1505  Error 1506  Error 1508  Error 1509  Error 1510  Error 1514  Error 1530  Error 1531  Initialization Errors (1600s)  Error 1601  Error 1602  Error 1603  Error 1605  Error 1608  Error 1613  Error 1621  Error 1622  Error 1623  Create Utilities Errors (1700 - 1900s, 2100s, 2700s, 12800s)  Error 1702  Error 1708  Error 1732  Error 1803  Error 1808  Error 1809  Error 1810  Error 1813  Error 1820  Error 1902  Error 1903  Error 1916  Error 1928  Error 2110  Error 2714  Error 2729  Error 2753  Error 2762  Error 12818  Error 12842  Error 12881  High Availability Errors (2200s)  Error 2243  Character Set Conversion Errors (2400s)  Error 2401  Error 2402  Error 2409  dbcc Errors (2500s, 7900s, 12000s, 15000s)  Error 2501  Error 2502  Error 2503  Error 2507  Error 2509  Error 2510  Error 2511  Error 2513  Error 2514  Error 2517  Error 2520  Error 2521  Error 2524  Error 2525  Error 2529  Error 2540  Error 2546  Error 2547  Error 2550  Error 2558  Error 2559  Error 2572  Error 2573  Error 2574  Error 2575  Error 2578  Error 2582  Error 2583  Error 2591  Error 2596  Error 7901  Error 7902  Error 7928  Error 7930  Error 7939  Error 7940  Error 7949  Error 7989  Error 9961  Error 12964  Error 15056  Error 15080  Error 15082  Error 15084  insert Errors (2600s)  Error 2601  Error 2610  Error 2615  Error 2619  Error 2620  Error 2626  Error 2628  Error 2630  Error 2631  Procedure Manager Errors (2800s)  Error 2805  Error 2806  Error 2811  Error 2812  Error 2824  Error 2835  Error 2844  dump and load Errors (3000s - 3200s, 4200s - 4300s)  Error 3019  Error 3020  Error 3021  Error 3105  Error 3120  Error 3143  Error 3144  Error 3161  Error 3162  Error 3201  Error 3203  Error 3211  Error 3212  Error 3216  Error 3225  Error 3230  Error 3233  Error 3240  Error 4204  Error 4205  Error 4207  Error 4216  Error 4221  Error 4222  Error 4305  Error 4322  commit and abort Errors (3300s)  Error 3301  Error 3307  Error 3321  Error 3322  Recovery Errors (3400s, 12500s)  Error 3401  Error 3403  Error 3404  Error 3414  Error 3429  Error 3434  Error 3445  Error 3446  Error 3447  Error 3452  Error 3454  Error 3462  Error 3470  Error 12546  Error 12547  Error 12551  Error 12583  Error 12587  Exception Handling Errors (3600s)  Error 3604  Error 3621  Error 3624  Error 3626  Error 3641  Error 3642  Error 3643  Error 3644  Error 3646  Error 3648  drop Errors (3700s)  Error 3701  Error 3702  Error 3703  Transaction Errors (3900s)  Error 3904  Error 3905  Error 3906  Error 3908  Error 3917  Error 3949  dataserver Errors (4000s)  Error 4001  Error 4002  Error 4020  View Resolution Manager Errors (4400s)  Error 4430  truncate table Errors (4700s)  Error 4716  Bulk Copy Utility Errors (4800s)  Error 4801  Error 4806  alter table Errors (4900s)  Error 4951  Error 4953  Error 4954  Error 4956  Error 4964  alter database Errors (5000s)  Error 5006  Error 5013  Error 5018  Error 5034  Disk Errors (5100s)  Error 5115  Error 5123  Error 5142  Transaction Coordinator Errors (5600s)  Error 5602  Open Client Errors (5700s)  Error 5701  Error 5704  Configuration Errors (5800s, 10800s)  Error 5806  Error 5808  Error 5824  Error 5846  Error 5847  Error 5848  Error 5849  Error 5850  Error 5851  Error 5852  Error 5853  Error 5854  Error 5857  Error 5859  Error 5861  Error 5863  Error 5865  Error 5866  Error 5867  Error 5868  Error 5893  Error 10841  Error 10865  Process Kill Errors (6100s)  Error 6103  Error 6107  Timestamp Errors (6900s)  Error 6901  Error 6902  Distributed Database Network Errors (7200s)  Error 7201  Error 7205  Error 7207  Error 7211  Error 7212  Error 7214  Error 7215  Error 7218  Error 7220  Error 7221  Error 7223  Error 7227  Error 7234  Error 7235  Text Manager Errors (7100s)  Error 7101  Error 7105  Error 7114  Error 7130  Error 7134  Threshold Manager Errors (7400s)  Error 7401  Error 7402  Error 7403  Error 7404  Error 7406  Error 7407  Error 7408  Error 7409  Error 7410  Error 7411  Error 7412  Error 7413  Error 7414  Error 7415  Error 7417  Error 7418  Error 7438  Auditing Errors (7600s)  Error 7618  Remote Procedure Call Errors (8000s)  Error 8006  Error 8009  Descriptor Manager Errors (8200s)  Error 8201  Error 8203  Error 8204  Error 8207  Error 8210  Error 8211  Error 8219  Error 8239  Error 8241  sysindexes Manager Errors (8400s)  Error 8402  Error 8419  Process Status Structure Errors (8600s)  Error 8601  Site Buffer Manager Errors (8700s)  Error 8704  Disk Manager Errors (9000s)  Error 9004  Replication Agent Manager Errors (9100s - 9200s)  Error 9122  Error 9287  Error 9289  Error 9290  Component Integration Services Errors (11200s)  Error 11201  Error 11202  Error 11203  Configurable Shared Memory Dump Manager (12000s, 12300s)  Error 12036  Error 12326  Error 12328  Error 12329  Error 12330  Error 12333  Error 12334  Error 12335  Fault Isolation Utility Errors (12700s)  Error 12716  Error 12717  Partition (14100s) and Partition Key Manager (14300s) Errors  Error 14100  Error 14108  Error 14120  Error 14124  Error 14126  Error 14313  mount database Errors (14500s)  Error 14503  Error 14504  Error 14511  Error 14513  Error 14560  Error 14561  Anchor Manager Errors (14600s)  Error 14605  Error 14618  Error 14619  Error 14620  Error 14621  Error 14622  Error 14623  XML Utility Manager Errors (14900s)  Error 14901  Message Service Errors (15100s)  Error 15101  Error 15105  Web Services Errors (15200s)  Error 15219  Encryption Errors (15400s)  Error 15402  Error 15403  Error 15412  Error 15413  Error 15417  Statistics Errors (15600s)  Error 15600  Error 15601  System Procedure Errors (17000s, 18000s)  Error 17461  Error 17715  Error 17716  Error 17737  Error 17870  Error 17871  Error 17872  Error 17873  Error 17874  Error 17875  Error 17903  Error 17904  Error 17905  Error 17906  Error 17910  Error 18031  Error 18032  Error 18033  Error 18123  Error 18750  Kernel Errors  Asynchronous I/O not available  Buffer mismatch  Could not create shared memory  Current process infected  dopen error  dstart I/O request repeatedly delayed  Failed to open device  Feature is not licensed  File already in use  Memory too fragmented  Memory usage in procedure headers  Network information message  No more alarms available  Open objects parameter may be too low  os_attach_region errors  os_create_region errors  Read/write errors  Server is unnamed  Stack guardword corrupted  time slice error  t_rcvconnect error  udunmirror errors  No more engines can be offlined  Reference Manual: Building Blocks 16.0  About These Topics  System and User-Defined Datatypes  Datatype Categories  Exact Numeric Datatypes  Integer Types  Decimal Datatypes  Approximate Numeric Datatypes  Understanding Approximate Numeric Datatypes  Range, Precision, and Storage Size  Entering Approximate Numeric Data  NaN and Inf Values  Money Datatypes  Accuracy  Range and Storage Size  Entering Monetary Values  timestamp Datatype  Creating a timestamp Column  Date and Time Datatypes  Range and Storage Requirements  Entering Date and Time Data  Entering the Date  Entering the Time  Displaying Formats for datetime, smalldatetime, and date Values  Display Formats for bigdatetime and bigtime  Displaying Formats for time Value  Finding Values That Match a Pattern  Manipulating Dates  Standards and Compliance  Character Datatypes  unichar and univarchar  Length and Storage Size  Determining Column Length with System Functions  Entering Character Data  Entering Unicode Characters  Example of Treatment of Blanks  Manipulating Character Data  Standards and Compliance for Character Datatypes  Binary Datatypes  Valid binary and varbinary Entries  Entries of More than the Maximum Column Size  Treatment of Trailing Zeros  Platform Dependence  bit Datatype  sysname and longsysname Datatypes  text, image, and unitext Datatypes  Data Structures Used for Storing text, unitext, and image Data  Initialize text, unitext, and image Columns  Define unitext Columns  Save Space by Allowing NULL  Obtain Information from sysindexes  Using readtext and writetext  Determine How Much Space a Column Uses  Restrictions on text, image, and unitext Columns  Selecting text, unitext, and image Data  Converting text and image Datatypes  Converting to or from Unitext  Pattern Matching in text Data  Duplicate Rows  Using Large Object text, unitext, and image Datatypes in Stored Procedures  Declaring a LOB Datatype  Creating a LOB Parameter  Examples for Using LOB Datatypes  Standards and Compliance  Range and Storage Size  Datatypes of Columns, Variables, or Parameters  Declaring Datatypes for a Column in a Table  Declaring Datatypes for Local Variable in a Batch or Procedure  Declaring Datatypes for a Parameter in a Stored Procedure  Determine the Datatype of Numeric Literals  Determine the Datatype of Character Literals  Datatypes of Mixed-Mode Expressions  Determine the Datatype Hierarchy  Determine Precision and Scale  Datatype Conversions  Automatic Conversion of Fixed-Length NULL Columns  Handling Overflow and Truncation Errors  Datatypes and Encrypted Columns  User-Defined Datatypes  Standards and Compliance  Transact-SQL Functions  abs  acos  allocinfo  ascii  asehostname  asin  atan  atn2  avg  audit_event_name  authmech  biginttohex  bintostr  cache_usage  case  cast  Usage for cast  Conversions Involving Java Classes  Implicit Conversion  Explicit Conversion  ceiling  char  Usage for char  Reformatting Output With char  char_length  charindex  coalesce  col_length  col_name  compare  Usage for compare  Maximum Row and Column Length for APL and DOL  convert  Usage for convert  Conversions Involving Java classes  Implicit Conversion  Explicit Conversion  cos  cot  count  count_big  create_locator  current_bigdatetime  current_bigtime  current_date  current_time  curunreservedpgs  data_pages  datachange  Usage for datachange  Restrictions for datachange  datalength  dateadd  datediff  datename  datepart  day  db_attr  db_id  db_instanceid  db_name  db_recovery_status  dbencryption_status  defrag_status  degrees  derived_stat  difference  dol_downgrade_check  exp  floor  get_appcontext  get_internal_date  getdate  getutcdate  has_role  hash  hashbytes  hextobigint  hextoint  host_id  host_name  instance_id  identity_burn_max  index_col  index_colorder  index_name  inttohex  isdate  is_quiesced  is_sec_service_on  is_singleusermode  isnull  isnumeric  instance_name  lc_id  lc_name  lct_admin  left  len  license_enabled  list_appcontext  locator_literal  locator_valid  lockscheme  log  log10  loginfo  lower  lprofile_id  lprofile_name  ltrim  max  migrate_instance_id  min  month  mut_excl_roles  newid  next_identity  nullif  object_attr  object_id  object_name  object_owner_id  pagesize  partition_id  partition_name  partition_object_id  password_random  patindex  pi  power  proc_role  pssinfo  radians  rand  rand2  replicate  reserve_identity  reserved_pages  return_lob  reverse  right  rm_appcontext  role_contain  role_id  role_name  round  row_count  rtrim  sdc_intempdbconfig  set_appcontext  setdata  shrinkdb_status  show_cached_plan_in_xml  show_cached_text  show_cached_text_long  show_condensed_text  show_dynamic_params_in_xml  show_plan  show_role  show_sec_services  sign  sin  sortkey  Usage for sortkey  Collation Tables  Collation Names and IDs  soundex  space  spaceusage  spid_instance_id  square  sqrt  stddev  stdev  stdevp  stddev_pop  stddev_samp  str  str_replace  strtobin  stuff  substring  sum  suser_id  suser_name  syb_quit  syb_sendmsg  sys_tempdbid  tan  tempdb_id  textptr  textvalid  to_unichar  tran_dumpable_status  tsequal  Usage for tsequal  Adding a Timestamp to a New Table for Browsing  uhighsurr  ulowsurr  upper  uscalar  used_pages  user  user_id  user_name  valid_name  valid_user  var  var_pop  var_samp  variance  varp  workload_metric  xa_bqual  xa_gtrid  xact_connmigrate_check  xact_owner_instance  xmlextract  xmlparse  xmlrepresentation  xmltable  xmltest  xmlvalidate  year  Global Variables  Using Global Variables in a Clustered Environment  Expressions, Identifiers, and Wildcard Characters  Expressions  Size of Expressions  Arithmetic and Character Expressions  Relational and Logical Expressions  Operator Precedence  Arithmetic Operators  Bitwise Operators  String Concatenation Operator  Comparison Operators  Nonstandard Operators  Using any, all, and in  Negating and Testing  Ranges  Using Nulls in Expressions  Comparisons That Return TRUE  Difference Between FALSE and UNKNOWN  Using “NULL” as a Character String  NULL Compared to the Empty String  Connecting Expressions  Using Parentheses in Expressions  Comparing Character Expressions  Using the Empty String  Including Quotation Marks in Character Expressions  Using the Continuation Character  Identifiers  Short Identifiers  Tables Beginning With # (Temporary Tables)  Case Sensitivity and Identifiers  Uniqueness of Object Names  Using Delimited Identifiers  Enabling Quoted Identifiers  Identifying Tables or Columns by Their Qualified Object Name  Using Delimited Identifiers Within an Object Name  Omitting the Owner Name  Referencing Your Own Objects in the Current Database  Referencing Objects Owned by the Database Owner  Using Qualified Identifiers Consistently  Determining Whether an Identifier is Valid  Renaming Database Objects  Using Multibyte Character Sets  like Pattern Matching  Using not like  Pattern Matching with Wildcard Characters  Case and Accent Insensitivity  Using Wildcard Characters  The Percent Sign (%) Wildcard Character  The Underscore (_) Wildcard Character  Bracketed ([ ]) Characters  The Caret (^) Wildcard Character  Using Multibyte Wildcard Characters  Using Wildcard Characters as Literal Characters  Using Square Brackets ( [ ] ) as Escape Characters  Using the escape Clause  Using Wildcard Characters With datetime Data  Reserved Words  Transact-SQL Reserved Words  ANSI SQL Reserved Words  Potential ANSI SQL Reserved Words  SQLSTATE Codes and Messages  SQLSTATE Warnings  Exceptions  Cardinality Violations  Data Exceptions  Integrity Constraint Violations  Invalid Cursor States  Syntax Errors and Access Rule Violations  Transaction Rollbacks  with check option Violation  Reference Manual: Commands 16.0  Commands  alter database  alter database Restrictions  Using alter database for Archive Databases  Altering In-Memory and Relaxed Durability Databases  Backing Up master After Allocating More Space  Placing the Log on a Separate Device  Altering Databases for Compression  In-row LOB Columns  Shrinking Log Space  Getting Help on Space Usage  The system and default Segments  Using alter database to Awaken Sleeping Processes  Using the alter database for proxy_update Parameter  Fully Encrypting Databases  alter encryption key  alter login  alter index  alter login profile  alter precomputed result set  alter...modify owner  alter role  Changing Passwords for Roles  Mutually Exclusive Roles  alter table  Restrictions for alter table  alter table and Encrypted Columns  Altering a Table’s Compression  Interactions Between Compression and Other alter table Parameters  Altering the Compression Level for a Table Using Large Objects  Getting Information About Tables  Specifying Ascending or Descending Ordering in Indexes  Using Cross-Database Referential Integrity Constraints  Changing Defaults  Setting Space Management Properties for Indexes  Conversion of max_rows_per_page to exp_row_size  Using reservepagegap  Partitioning Tables for Improved Performance  Using Computed Columns  Adding IDENTITY Columns  Altering Table Schema  Restrictions for Modifying a Table Schema  Restrictions for Modifying text and image Columns  Modifying Tables With Unitext Columns  Changing Locking Schemes  Adding Java-SQL Columns  Restrictions for Shared-Disk Clusters  alter thread pool  begin...end  begin transaction  break  checkpoint  close  commit  compute Clause  compute Clause Restrictions  compute Results Appear as a New Row or Rows  Case-Sensitivity  connect to...disconnect  continue  create archive database  create database  Restrictions for create database  Temporary Databases  Creating Compressed Databases  Creating Databases With In-Row LOBs  Creating In-Memory and Relaxed Durability Databases  New Databases Created from model  Ensuring Database Recoverability  Using the for load Option  Getting Information About Databases  Using with default_location and for proxy_update  create default  create default Restrictions  Datatype Compatibility  Getting Information about Defaults  Defaults and Rules  Defaults and Nulls  Specifying a Default Value in create table  Objects Dependent on Replaced Defaults  create encryption key  create existing table  Datatype Conversions  Changes by Server Class  Remote Procedures  Encrypted Columns  create function  Objects Dependent on Replaced Functions  create function (SQLJ)  create index  Creating Indexes Efficiently  Creating Clustered Indexes  Creating Indexes on Compressed Table  Creating Indexes on Encrypted Columns  Specifying Ascending or Descending Ordering in Indexes  Space Requirements for Indexes  Duplicate Rows  Using Unique Constraints in Place of Indexes  Using the sorted_data Option to Speed Sorts  Specifying the Number of Histogram Steps  Space Management Properties  Index Options and Locking Modes  Using the sorted_data Option on Data-Only-Locked Tables  Getting Information About Tables and Indexes  Creating Indexes on Computed Columns  Creating Partitioned Indexes  Creating Function-Based Indexes  create index and Stored Procedures  create login  create login profile  create plan  create precomputed result set  create procedure  create procedure Restrictions  execute as Stored Procedure  System Procedures  Nested Procedures  Procedure Return Status  Object Identifiers  Temporary Tables and Procedures  Setting Options in Procedures  Extended Stored Procedures  Objects Dependent on Replaced Procedures  Getting Information About Procedures  create procedure (SQLJ)  create proxy_table  create role  create rule  create rule Restrictions  Binding Rules  create schema  create service  create table  Restrictions for create table  Creating Compressed Tables  Restrictions for Compression  Using Indexes  Renaming a Table or Its Columns  Restrictions on Compressing Tables That Use Large Object (LOB) Data  Column Definitions  Temporary Tables  Defining Integrity Constraints  Unique and Primary-Key Constraints  Referential Integrity Constraints  Using Cross-Database Referential Integrity Constraints  check Constraints  IDENTITY Columns  Specifying a Locking Scheme  Getting Information About Tables  Creating Tables with Partitions  Creating Tables With Computed Columns  Creating Tables with Encrypted Columns  Limitations When Creating Virtually Hashed Tables  Creating Tables for In-Memory and Relaxed Durability Databases  Restrictions for Shared-Disk Clusters  Space Management Properties  Using reservepagegap  Java-SQL Columns  Determining Values for hash_factor  create thread pool  create trigger  Triggers and Referential Integrity  The deleted and inserted Logical Tables  Trigger Restrictions  Triggers and Performance  Setting Options Within Triggers  Dropping a Trigger  Actions That Do Not Cause Triggers to Fire  Nesting Triggers and Trigger Recursion  Restrictions for instead of  Getting Information About Triggers  Triggers and Transactions  Inserting and Updating Triggers  instead of and for Triggers  create view  Restrictions on Views  View Resolution  Modifying Data Through Views  IDENTITY Columns and Views  group by Clauses and Views  distinct Clauses and Views  Creating Views from SQL-Derived Tables  Objects Dependent on Replaced Views  dbcc  Using dbcc quorum (clusters only)  Restrictions on dbcc checkstorage for Shared-Disk Clusters  Using dbcc complete_xact  Checking Performed by dbcc checkcatalog  Using dbcc checktable  deallocate cursor  deallocate locator  declare  declare cursor  Using Scrollable Cursors  Cursor select Statements  Cursor Scope  Result Set  Updatable Cursors  Releasing Locks at Cursor Close  delete  delete Restrictions  Deleting All Rows from a Table  delete and Transactions  Using the where current of Parameter  Using readpast  delete statistics  disk init  Using dsync with disk init  Creating Devices for In-Memory and Relaxed Durability Databases  disk mirror  disk refit  disk reinit  Using dsync with Disk Reinit  disk remirror  disk resize  disk unmirror  drop database  drop default  drop encryption key  drop function  drop function (SQLJ)  drop index  drop login  drop login profile  drop precomputed result set  drop procedure  drop role  drop rule  drop service  drop table  Restrictions for drop table  Dropping Tables with Cross-Database Referential Integrity Constraints  drop thread pool  drop trigger  drop view  dump configuration  dump database  Commands and System Procedures Used to Back Up Databases  Scheduling Dumps  Specifying Dump Devices  Restrictions for dump database  Dumping Databases with Devices That Are Mirrored  Dumping the System Databases  Dump Files  Volume Names  Changing Dump Volumes  Appending to or Overwriting a Volume  File Names and Archive Names  dump database Performance  Compressed Dumps for an Archive Database  Compatibility Issues for a Compressed Dump  Encrypted Columns and dump database  dump transaction  dump transaction Restrictions  Copying the Log After Device Failure  Dumping Databases Without Separate Log Segments  Dumping Only Complete Transactions  Dumping Without the Log  Scheduling Dumps  Using Thresholds to Automate dump transaction  Specifying Dump Devices  Determining Tape Device Characteristics  Backup Servers  Dump Files  Volume Names  Changing Dump Volumes  Appending To or Overwriting a Volume  Dumping Logs Stored on Mirrored Devices  Fully Recoverable DDL and dump transaction  execute  fetch  Status Information  fetch Restrictions  Using Scrollable Cursors with fetch_direction  Multiple Rows per Fetch  Rules for Positioning the Scrollable Cursor  goto label  grant  grant all Object Creation Privileges  Using the with grant option Parameter  Users and User Groups  Using the grant Command's granted by Option  Privileges for grant  Grant Access to Roles  Granting Default Permissions on System Tables  Granting Permissions for update statistics, delete statistics, and truncate table  Granting Proxies and Session Authorizations  Granting a Privilege to a Role  grant role  group by and having Clauses  How group by and having Queries with Aggregates Work  Standard group by and having Queries  Transact-SQL Extensions to group by and having  group by and having Clauses and Sort Orders  How group by Works With the Optimizer  if...else  insert  The Column List  Validating Column Values  Treatment of Blanks  Inserting Rows Selected from Another Table  Inserting Rows in Bulk  Transactions and insert  Inserting Values into IDENTITY Columns  Inserting Data Through Views  Partitoning Tables for Improved Insert Performance  kill  load database  Commands and System Procedures to Restore Databases  Restrictions for load database  Locking Out Users During Loads  Upgrading Database and Transaction Log Dumps  Specifying Dump Devices  Backup Servers  Volume Names  Changing Dump Volumes  Restoring the System Databases  Disk Mirroring  Materializing an Archive Database  Using load database with norecovery  Using Logical Devices with an Archive Database  load database Limitations with an Archive Database  load database and Encrypted Columns  Loading Compressed Data  load transaction  load transaction Restrictions  Restoring a Database  Recovering a Database to a Specified Time  Locking Users Out During Loads  Upgrading Database and Transaction Log Dumps  Specifying Dump Devices  Backup Servers  Volume Names  Changing Dump Volumes  Disk Mirroring  Loading a Transaction Log into an Archive Database  lock table  merge  mount  online database  open  order by clause  order by Clause Restrictions  Behavior of order by When Identical Table Column Name and Column Alias Name Exist  Collating Sequences  Sort Rules  Descending Scans  prepare transaction  print  quiesce database  Encrypted Columns and quiesce database  quiesce database in a Clustered Environment  raiserror  readtext  Using the readpast Option  Using readtext with unitext Columns  reconfigure  refresh precomputed result set  remove java  reorg  return  revoke  Using the revoke Command's granted by Option  Revoking set proxy and set session authorization  Revoking Default Permissions on System Tables  Revoking Permissions for update statistics, delete statistics, and truncate table  Using the cascade Option  revoke role  rollback  rollback trigger  save transaction  select  Using select into  Converting the NULL Properties of a Target Column with select...into  Specifying a Compression Level  Parameter Interactions with Data Compression  Using select for update  Specifying in-row LOB Columns  Specifying a Lock Scheme Using select...into  Specifying a Partition Strategy Using select...into  Using index, prefetch, and lru | mru  Using Encrypted Columns  Using parallel  Using readpast  Expanded select * Syntax  Using select with Variables, Global Variables, and Constants  set  set Options That Can Be Grouped Together  Compile-Time Changes for Some set Parameters  Aggregate Behavior  Comparison Behavior  Roles and set Options  In-Memory and Relaxed-Durability Databases  Setting Compression for a Session  Using Predicated Privileges  Distributed Transactions, CIS, and set Options  Using Proxies  Using lock wait  Repeatable-Reads Transaction Isolation Level  Using Simulated Statistics  Global Variables Affected by set Options  Using fipsflagger with Java in the Database  Restrictions for set tracefile  set Options That Save Diagnostic Information to a Trace File  Restrictions for show_sqltext  Exporting set Options from a Login Trigger  Delimited Identifiers  Bracketed Identifiers  setuser  shutdown  Specifying a Wait Time  transfer table  truncate lob  truncate precomputed result set  truncate table  union operator  unmount  update  Using update with Transactions  Using Joins in Updates  Using update with Character Data  Using update with Cursors  Updating IDENTITY Columns  Updating Data Through Views  Using index, prefetch, or lru | mru  Using readpast  Using Variables in update Statements  update all statistics  update index statistics  update statistics  Types of Scans Performed During update statistics  update statistics and Sampling  create index and Stored Procedures  Using Hash-Based Statistics  update table statistics  use  waitfor  where clause  while  writetext  Interactive SQL Commands  clear  configure  connect  disconnect  exit  input  output  parameters  read  set connection  start logging  stop logging  system  Reference Manual: Procedures 16.0  System Procedures  Permissions on System Procedures  Auditing System Procedures  Executing System Procedures  Entering Parameter Values  Messages  System Procedure Tables  sp_activeroles  sp_add_qpgroup  sp_add_resource_limit  sp_add_time_range  sp_addalias  sp_addauditrecord  sp_addaudittable  sp_addengine  sp_addexeclass  sp_addextendedproc  sp_addexternlogin  sp_addgroup  sp_addlanguage  System Table Changes  Dates for Languages Added with sp_addlanguage  sp_addlogin  sp_addmessage  sp_addobjectdef  sp_addremotelogin  sp_addsegment  sp_addserver  sp_addthreshold  Creating Additional Thresholds  Executing Threshold Procedures  Changing or Deleting Thresholds  Disabling Free-Space Accounting  The Last-Chance Threshold  Creating Threshold Procedures  sp_addtype  sp_addumpdevice  sp_adduser  sp_altermessage  sp_audit  sp_audit and Security  sp_autoconnect  sp_autoformat  sp_bindcache  sp_bindefault  sp_bindexeclass  sp_bindmsg  sp_bindrule  sp_cacheconfig  Data Cache Memory  Creating Cache for In-Memory or Relaxed Durability Databases  Changing Existing Caches  Using Cache Partitions  Dropping Caches  sp_cachestrategy  Overrides  sp_changedbowner  sp_changegroup  sp_checknames  sp_checkreswords  Handling Reported Instances of Reserved Words  Changing Identifiers  Using sp_rename to Change Identifiers  Changing Other Identifiers  Using Delimited Identifiers  sp_checksource  sp_chgattribute  sp_cleanpwdchecks  sp_clearpsexe  sp_clearstats  sp_client_addr  sp_cluster  sp_clusterlockusage  sp_cmp_all_qplans  sp_cmp_qplans  sp_commonkey  sp_companion  sp_compatmode  sp_config_dump  sp_confighistory  sp_configure  The sp_configure number of checkpoint tasks Parameter  The sp_configure max concurrently recovered db Parameter  Setting Configuration Parameters for Clusters Using sp_configure  sp_copy_all_qplans  sp_copy_qplan  sp_countmetadata  sp_cursorinfo  sp_dbextend  sp_dboption  Full Logging and sp_dboption  Shrinking the Log  Allowing Wide Rows Using sp_dboption  Asynchronous Log Service (ALS) Options  Considerations for Using enforce dump tran sequence  Database Options and sp_dboption  sp_dbrecovery_order  sp_dbremap  sp_defaultloc  sp_deletesmobj  sp_depends  Java Methods  sp_deviceattr  sp_diskdefault  sp_displayaudit  sp_displaylevel  sp_displaylogin  sp_displayroles  sp_downgrade  sp_dropalias  sp_drop_all_qplans  sp_drop_qpgroup  sp_drop_qplan  sp_drop_resource_limit  sp_drop_time_range  sp_dropdevice  sp_dropengine  sp_dropexeclass  sp_dropextendedproc  sp_dropexternlogin  sp_dropglockpromote  sp_ dropglockpromote_ptn  sp_dropgroup  sp_dropkey  sp_droplanguage  sp_droplogin  sp_dropmessage  sp_dropobjectdef  sp_dropremotelogin  sp_droprowlockpromote  sp_droprowlockpromote_ptn  sp_dropsegment  sp_dropserver  sp_dropthreshold  sp_droptype  sp_dropuser  sp_dump_history  sp_dump_info  sp_dumpoptimize  Thresholds and sp_dumpoptimize  sp_encryption  sp_engine  Using sp_engine “offline” Versus sp_engine “shutdown”  sp_errorlog  sp_estspace  Estimating the Extra Space Required by a Column  sp_export_qpgroup  sp_extendsegment  sp_extengine  sp_extrapwdchecks  sp_familylock  sp_find_qplan  sp_fixindex  sp_flushstats  sp_forceonline_db  sp_forceonline_object  sp_forceonline_page  sp_foreignkey  sp_freedll  sp_getmessage  sp_grantlogin  sp_ha_admin  sp_help  Rules for Finding Objects  Precomputed Result Sets and sp_help  sp_help_resource_limit  sp_help_qpgroup  sp_help_qplan  sp_helpapptrace  sp_helpartition  Accuracy of Results and sp_helpartition  sp_helpcache  sp_helpcomputedcolumn  sp_helpconfig  Planning Metadata Cache Configuration with sp_helpconfig  Estimate Memory Requirements for compression info pool size  Using sp_helpconfig with sybdiagdb (SAP Product Support Only)  sp_helpconstraint  sp_helpdb  sp_helpdefrag  sp_helpdevice  sp_helpextendedproc  sp_helpexternlogin  sp_helpgroup  sp_helpindex  sp_helpjava  sp_helpjoins  sp_helpkey  sp_helplanguage  sp_helplog  sp_helpmaplogin  sp_helpobjectdef  sp_helpremotelogin  sp_helprotect  sp_helpsegment  sp_helpserver  sp_helpsort  sp_helptext  sp_helpthread  sp_helpthreshold  sp_helptrigger  sp_helpuser  sp_hidetext  sp_import_qpgroup  sp_indsuspect  sp_jreconfig  sp_ldapadmin  sp_listener  sp_listsuspect_db  sp_listsuspect_object  sp_listsuspect_page  sp_lmconfig  sp_lock  sp_locklogin  sp_logdevice  sp_logging_rate  sp_loginconfig  sp_logininfo  sp_logiosize  sp_logintrigger  sp_maplogin  sp_merge_dup_inline_default  sp_metrics  sp_modify_resource_limit  sp_modify_time_range  sp_modifylogin  sp_modifystats  sp_modifythreshold  Crossing a Threshold  The Last-Chance Threshold  Create Threshold Procedures with sp_modifythreshold  Execute Threshold Procedures with sp_modifythreshold  Disable Free-Space Accounting  sp_monitor  sp_monitorconfig  sp_monitor_server  sp_object_stats  sp_objectsegment  sp_opt_querystats  sp_optgoal  sp_options  sp_passthru  Return Parameters and sp_passthru  sp_password  sp_passwordpolicy  Login Password Complexity Checks and sp_passwordpolicy  High-Availability and Password Policy Options  sp_pciconfig  sp_placeobject  sp_plan_dbccdb  sp_poolconfig  Wash Percentage and sp_poolconfig  Local Asynchronous Prefetch Percentage and sp_poolconfig  sp_post_xpload  Handling Suspect Partitions in Cross-Platform Dump and Load Operations  sp_primarykey  sp_processmail  sp_procxmode  sp_querysmobj  sp_recompile  sp_refit_admin  sp_remoteoption  sp_remotesql  sp_rename  sp_rename_qpgroup  sp_renamedb  sp_reportstats  sp_restore_system_role  sp_revokelogin  sp_role  sp_securityprofile  sp_sendmsg  sp_serveroption  sp_set_qplan  sp_setlangalias  sp_setpglockpromote  sp_setpglockpromote_ptn  sp_setpsexe  sp_setrowlockpromote  sp_setrowlockpromote_ptn  sp_setsuspect_granularity  sp_setsuspect_threshold  sp_setup_table_transfer  sp_shmdumpconfig  sp_show_options  sp_showcontrolinfo  sp_showexeclass  sp_showoptstats  sp_showplan  sp_showpsexe  sp_spaceusage  Interpreting PctBloatUsedPages and PctBloatReservedPages Values  Output Columns from sp_spaceusage  sp_spaceused  sp_ssladmin  Using lsciphers and setciphers to Set Cipher Suites  sp_syntax  sp_sysmon  sp_tab_suspectptn  sp_tempdb  sp_tempdb_markdrop  sp_thresholdaction  sp_tran_dumpable_status  sp_transactions  sp_unbindcache  sp_unbindcache_all  sp_unbindefault  sp_unbindexeclass  sp_unbindmsg  sp_unbindrule  sp_version  sp_volchanged  When Backup Server Detects a Problem  Changing Tape Volumes on UNIX  sp_webservices  sp_who  sp_xact_loginfo  sp_xmlschema  Catalog Stored Procedures  Specifying Optional Parameters  Pattern Matching  System Procedure Tables  ODBC Datatypes  sp_column_privileges  sp_columns  sp_databases  sp_datatype_info  sp_fkeys  sp_pkeys  sp_server_info  sp_special_columns  sp_sproc_columns  sp_statistics  sp_stored_procedures  sp_table_privileges  sp_tables  System Extended Stored Procedures  xp_cmdshell  xp_deletemail  xp_enumgroups  xp_findnextmsg  xp_logevent  xp_readmail  xp_sendmail  xp_startmail  xp_stopmail  dbcc Stored Procedures  Specifying the Object Name and Date  Specifying the Object Name  Specifying the Date  sp_dbcc_alterws  sp_dbcc_configreport  sp_dbcc_createws  sp_dbcc_deletedb  sp_dbcc_deletehistory  sp_dbcc_differentialreport  sp_dbcc_evaluatedb  sp_dbcc_exclusions  sp_dbcc_faultreport  sp_dbcc_fullreport  sp_dbcc_help_fault  sp_dbcc_patch_finishtime  sp_dbcc_recommendations  sp_dbcc_runcheck  sp_dbcc_statisticsreport  sp_dbcc_summaryreport  sp_dbcc_updateconfig  Reference Manual: Tables 16.0  System Tables  Locations of System Tables  System Tables in master  System Tables in sybsecurity  System Table in sybsystemdb  System Tables in All Databases  The sybdiagdb Database  The syblicenseslog Table  Using System Tables in the Cluster Edition  timestamp Columns  Changed Identity Values  Controlling Fake-Table Materialization  Rules for Using System Tables  Permissions on System Tables  Locking Schemes Used for System Tables  Reserved Columns  Updating System Tables  Triggers on System Tables  ch_events  sysdams  syblicenseslog  sysalternates  sysaltusages  sysattributes  sysauditoptions  sysaudits_01 – sysaudits_08  syscacheinfo  syscachepoolinfo  syscharsets  syscolumns  syscomments  sysconfigures  sysconstraints  syscoordinations  syscurconfigs  sysdatabases  sysdepends  sysdevices  sysencryptkeys  sysengines  sysgams  sysindexes  sysinstances  sysjars  syskeys  syslanguages  syslisteners  syslocks  sysloginroles  syslogins  syslogs  syslogshold  sysmessages  sysmonitors  sysobjects  sysoptions  syspartitionkeys  syspartitions  syspoolinfo  sysprocedures  sysprocesses  sysprotects  sysquerymetrics  sysqueryplans  sysreferences  sysremotelogins  sysresourcelimits  sysroles  syssecmechs  syssegments  sysservers  syssessions  sysslices  syssrvroles  sysstatistics  systabstats  systhresholds  systimeranges  systransactions  systypes  sysusages  sysusermessages  sysusers  sysxtypes  dbccdb Tables  dbccdb Workspaces  dbccdb Log  dbcc_config  dbcc_counters  dbcc_exclusions  dbcc_fault_params  dbcc_faults  dbcc_operation_log  dbcc_operation_results  dbcc_types  Monitoring Tables  monCachedObject  monCachePool  monCachedProcedures  monCachedStatement  monCIPC  monCIPCEndpoints  monCIPCLinks  monCIPCMesh  monCLMObjectActivity  monClusterCacheManager  monCMSFailover  monDataCache  monDBRecovery  monDBRecoveryLRTypes  monDeadLock  monDeviceIO  monDeviceSpaceUsage  monEngine  monErrorLog  monFailoverRecovery  monInmemoryStorage  monIOController  monIOQueue  monLicense  monLocks  monLockTimeout  monLogicalCluster  monLogicalClusterAction  monLogicalClusterInstance  monLogicalClusterRoute  monMemoryUsage  monNetworkIO  monOpenDatabases  monOpenObjectActivity  monOpenPartitionActivity  monPCIBridge  monPCIEngine  monPCISlots  monPCM  monProcedureCache  monProcedureCacheMemoryUsage  monProcedureCacheModuleUsage  monProcess  monProcessActivity  monProcessLookup  monProcessMigration  monProcessNetIO  monProcessObject  monProcessProcedures  monProcessSQLText  monProcessStatement  monProcessWaits  monProcessWorkerThread  monRepCoordinator  monRepLogActivity  monRepScanners  monRepScannersTotalTime  monRepSchemaCache  monRepSenders  monSpinlockActivity  monSQLRepActivity  monSQLRepMisses  monState  monStatementCache  monSysExecutionTime  monSysLoad  monSysPlanText  monSysSQLText  monSysStatement  monSysWaits  monSysWorkerThread  monTableColumns  monTableCompression  monTableParameters  monTables  monTableTransfer  monTask  monTempdbActivity  monThread  monThreadPool  monThresholdEvent  monWaitClassInfo  monWaitEventInfo  monWorkload  monWorkloadPreview  monWorkloadProfile  monWorkloadRaw  monWorkQueue  sybpcidb Tables  pca_jre_arguments  pca_jre_directives  pci_arguments  pci_directives  pci_slotinfo  pci_slot_syscalls  Active Messaging Users Guide 15.7  Introduction  Active Messaging concepts  Automatic decisions in real time  Messaging models  JMS  WebSphere MQ messaging models  Message format  JMS message properties  MQ message topics  Message selectors  Understanding Active Messaging  Sending and receiving messages from a queue  Publishing and consuming messages from a JMS topic  Working with message properties  Previewing the messaging interface  MQ overview  Securing channels with SSL  MQ publish/subscribe  Syntax for topics  Publisher and subscriber identities  MQ publish/subscribe examples  Working with MQ cluster queue objects  Working with remote queue objects�  Working with text messaging  Text messages and JMS  Text messages and MQ  Adaptive Server Cluster Edition support  Login redirection  Extended high availability  Active Messaging support for the threaded kernel  Internationalization support  Transactional message behavior  Transactional messaging set option  MQ security  Connecting to the MQ queue manager  Installing MQ client on Adaptive Server host machines  MQ authorizations  Querying MQ information  SQL Reference  Message-related global variables  <msgheader> and <msgproperties> documents  Adaptive Server-specific message properties  Keywords  Stored procedures  Built-in functions  Syntax segments  sp_configure 'enable real time messaging'  sp_engine  sp_msgadmin  msgconsume  msgpropcount  msgproplist  msgpropname  msgproptype  msgpropvalue  msgpublish  msgrecv  msgsend  msgsubscribe  msgunsubscribe  endpoint  option_string  sizespec  timespec  Samples  Sybase directories  Using code samples with SQL  Using code samples with Java/JDBC  Glossary  Component Integration Services Users Guide 16.0  Introduction to Component Integration Services  Component Integration Services Concepts  Proxy Tables  Using the create table Command  Using the create existing table Command  Datatype Conversions  Using the create proxy_table Command  Remote Procedures as Proxy Tables  Server Limits  Cascading Proxy Tables  Proxy Databases  User Proxy Databases  User Proxy Database Schema Synchronization  System Proxy Databases  System Proxy Database Creation  Schema Synchronization When Current Database Has a System Proxy Database  Stored Procedure Execution Within a System Proxy Database  File System Access  Directory Access  Recursion Through Subordinate Directories  File Access  Remote Servers  Connection Management  Connecting to Remote Servers Without the Interfaces File  LDAP Directory Services  Secure Communication with SSL  Using Trusted Roots Files  Secure Communication Using Kerberos  Configuring Kerberos security services  Configuring the Remote SAP ASE Kerberos Principal Name  Configuring Component Integration Services Remote Procedure Calls  Security Issues  Using Encrypted Columns in CIS  Remote Server Logins  Connecting to Backup Server and XP Server  Mapping External Logins  Configuring Failover for Remote Server Connections  Remote Server Capabilities  Query Processing  RPC handling and Component Integration Services  Site Handler and Outbound RPCs  Configuring Component Integration Services for Outbound RPCs  Text Parameters for RPCs  Text Parameter Support for XJS/390  Distributed Transaction Management  DTM-Enabled Servers  Pre-DTM servers  strict DTM enforcement  Enable Component Integration Services  Transactional RPCs  Restrictions on Transaction Management  SAP ASE to SAP ASE update statistics  Updating Statistics on Non-SAP ASE Backends  Java in the Database  Constraints on Java Class Columns  Java Abstract Datatypes (ADTs)  Java Class Definitions  Datatypes  Unicode support  Datatype Conversions  text and image Datatypes  Limits of @@textsize  Odd Bytes Padded  Converting text and image Datatypes  Pattern Matching with text and unitext Data  Entering text and image Values  readtext using bytes  Restriction for text, image, and unitext with bulk copy  Considerations for Using text, unitext, and image data with Server Classes  Configuration and Tuning  Using sp_configure  sysconfigures Table  Changing the Configuration Parameters  Using Global Variables to Determine Status  CIS Support for HANA Server  Configuring CIS for HANA  Creating SAP HANA as an ODBC Data Source on Windows  Adding SAP HANA to the SAP ASE Interfaces File  Configuring the PCI Bridge and PCA/ODBC  Adding Server Class HANAODBC  Datatype Mapping Between SAP ASE and HANA  Restrictions  SQL Reference  dbcc Commands  dbcc Options  Trace Flags  Functions  Aggregate Functions  Datatype Conversion Functions  Date Functions  Mathematical Functions  Security Functions  String Functions  System Functions  Text and Image Functions  Transact-SQLCommands  alter table  case  connect to...disconnect  create existing table  create index  create table  delete  drop index  fetch  insert  readtext  select  truncate table  update  update statistics  writetext  Passthrough Mode  The connect to Command  The sp_autoconnect System Procedure  The sp_passthru System Procedure  The sp_remotesql System Procedure  Quoted Identifier Support  Delimited Identifier Support  auto identity Option  Triggers  Tutorial  Adding a Remote Server  Creating Server Entries in System Tables  Adding an Alternate Login and Password  Verifying Connectivity  Performing a Join Between Two Remote Tables  Troubleshooting  Problems Accessing Component Integration Services  Problems Using Component Integration Services  Unable to Access Remote Server  Unable to Access Remote Objects  Problem Retrieving Data from Remote Objects  If You Need Help  Compression Users Guide 16.0  Data Compression Overview  Enabling Data Compression  Selecting Data into Compressed Tables  Administering Compressed Databases  Session-Level Data Compression  Copy, Dump, and Load Compressed Data  Limits for Database Compression  Levels of Data Compression  Row-Level Compression  Page-Level Compression  Creating Databases for Data Compression  Altering the Compression Level of a Database  Creating a Compressed Table  Disabling Compression  Altering the Compression Level of a Table or Partition  Index Compression  Enabling Index Compression  Creating an Index Compressed Table  Creating a Compressed Index  Changing the Index Compression State  Datatypes Available for Compression  Compressed Data Storage Strategies  Compressed Columns with Large Objects  Creating a Compressed Database with LOB Datatypes  Creating Compressed Tables with LOB Datatypes  Altering Tables with Compressed LOB Datatypes  Administering Compressed Databases  Session-Level Data Compression  Copy, Dump, and Load Compressed Data  Limits for Database Compression  Database Encryption 16.0  Overview of Encryption  Full Database Encryption  Column Encryption  Protect Data with Encryption Keys  Creating the Database Encryption Key  Dropping a Database Encryption Key  Changing a Database Encryption Key  Creating Column Encryption Keys  Dropping Column Encryption Keys  Changing the Column Encryption Key  Key Protection  Grant Access to Keys  Separate Keys from Data  Key Encryption  Protect Encryption Keys with the Master Key  Protect Encryption Keys with the System-Encryption Password  Protect Keys with User-Specified Passwords  Protect Encryption Keys with Dual Control  Database-Level Master and Dual Master Keys  Creating the Master and Dual Master Keys  Creating Master Key Copies  Setting Passwords for the Master and Dual Master Keys  Altering Passwords and Key Encryption Keys for Master Key Copies  Regenerate Master Keys  Dropping Master Keys and Key Copies  Recovering the Master Key and Dual Master Key  Starting SAP ASE in Unattended Start-Up mode  Configure Unattended Start-Up Mode  Create the Master Key Start-Up File  How SAP ASE Uses the Master Key Start-Up File  Secure External Passwords and Hidden Text  Service Keys  Creating Service Keys  Dropping Service Keys  Modify Service Keys  Changing the syb_extpasswdkey  Changing the syb_syscommkey  Service Keys with External Passwords  SSL Passwords  LDAP Passwords  Replication Agent Passwords  Service Keys Encrypted with the Master Key  Database Encryption  Create an Encrypted Database  Encrypt an Existing Database  Encryption Status and Progress  Performance Considerations  Suspend the Encryption Process  The quiesce database Command and Fully Encrypted Databases  Resume the Encryption Process  Decrypt an Encrypted Database  Recover Fully Encrypted Databases  Back Up (Dump) a Fully Encrypted Database  Back Up the Database Encryption Key  Restore (Load) Backups of Fully Encrypted Databases  Loading Behavior of Encrypted Databases  Dropping a Database That is Being Encrypted  Mounting and Unmounting a Fully Encrypted Database  Archive Databases and Full Encryption  Column Encryption  Encrypting Columns on New Tables  Specifying Encryption on select into  Encrypting Columns in Existing Tables  Index Creation and Constraints on Encrypted Columns  Domain Creation and Access Rules on Encrypted Columns  Decrypt Permission  Revoking Decryption Permission  Restrict Decrypt Permission  Default Values Returned Instead of Decrypted Data  Defining Decrypt Defaults  Permissions and Decrypt Default  Columns with Decrypt Default Values  Decrypt Default Columns and Query Qualifications  decrypt default and Implicit Grants  decrypt default and insert, update, and delete Statements  Removing Decrypt Defaults  Length of Encrypted Columns  Encrypted Columns Audits  Event Names and Numbers  Passwords Masked in Command Text Auditing  Auditing Actions of the Key Custodian  Performance Considerations  Indexes on Encrypted Columns  Sort Orders and Encrypted Columns  Joins on Encrypted Columns  Search Arguments and Encrypted Columns  Movement of Encrypted Data as Cipher Text  Access Encrypted Data  Encrypted Columns Process  Permissions for Decryption  Drop Encryption  Role of the Key Custodian  Users, Roles, and Data Access  Key Protection Using User-Specified Passwords  Change a Key’s Protection Method  Create Key Copies  Change Passwords on Key Copies  Access Encrypted Data with a User Password  Application Transparency Using Login Passwords on Key Copies  Login Password Change and Key Copies  Dropping a Key Copy  Key Recovery from Lost Passwords  Loss of Password on Key Copy  Loss of Login Password  Loss of Password on Base Key  Key Recovery Commands  Ownership Change of Encryption Keys  In-Memory Database Users Guide 15.7  In-Memory Databases  Cache and buffer support  Durability levels  Temporary databases and in-memory temporary databases  Multidatabase transactions and database types  Template databases  Altering the database to use a new template  Minimally logged commands  Limits for in-memory and relaxed-durability databases  Changed system procedures  Managing In-Memory and Relaxed-Durability Databases  Specifying named caches for in-memory databases  Verifying changes to the configuration file  Changing static configuration parameters for in-memory databases  Creating in-memory devices  Creating in-memory databases  Creating disk-resident databases with relaxed durability  Administering in-memory databases  Resizing in-memory storage caches  Deleting in-memory storage caches  Increasing the size of in-memory databases  Dumping and loading in-memory databases  Configuring number of backup connections  Dropping in-memory databases  Dropping in-memory devices  Minimally Logged DML  Types of DML logging settings  Database-level logging  Table-level logging  Session-level logging  Additional minimal logging rules  Transactional semantics  Logging concurrent transactions  Minimal logging with ddl in tran set to true  Effect of referential integrity constraints  Multistatement transactions in minimally logged mode  Stored procedures and minimally logged DML  Including set dml_logging in a trigger  Using deferred updates  Obtaining diagnostic information  Performance and Tuning for In-Memory Databases  Configuring in-memory storage cache  Cache layout  sp_sysmon output for in-memory databases  Monitoring the default data cache performance  Organizing physical data for in-memory devices  Performance optimization for low-durability databases  Tuning checkpoint intervals  Minimally logged DML  Dumping and loading in-memory databases  Tuning for spinlock contention and network connections  Improving contention for lock manager hashtable spinlock ratios  Determining the number of network connections  Java in Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7  An Introduction to Java in the Database  Advantages of Java in the database  Capabilities of Java in the database  Invoking Java methods in the database  Storing Java classes as datatypes  Storing and querying XML in the database  Java components  Functional changes in Adaptive Server 15.0.3 and later  Changes in class distribution  The PCA/JVM runs in headless mode  Changes in memory management  Changes in ClassLoader behavior  Standards  Java in the database: questions and answers  What are the key features?  How are Java instructions stored in the database?  How is Java executed in the database?  Which Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) are supported?  What is headless mode?  What about JDBC?  How can Java and SQL be used together?  What is the Java API?  Which Java classes are supported in the Java API?  Can user-defined classes be installed in the database?  Can data be accessed using Java?  Can the same classes be used on the client and the server?  How to use Java classes in SQL  Where can information about Java in the database be found?  What you cannot do with Java in the database  Managing the Java Environment  Components of the Java environment  The JVM pluggable component  Pluggable component adapter JVM (PCA/JVM)  Pluggable component interface (PCI) and the PCI Bridge  The PCI memory pool  The sybpcidb database  How configuration values are organized in sybpcidb  When to change configuration values  Server-level options  Configuration options for the PCI Bridge  Configuration options for the PCA/JVM  Changing configuration values in a running server  Changing configuration values by restarting Adaptive Server  Changing configuration values before the JVM is initialized  Changing configuration values after the JVM is initialized  Restoring default configuration values to sybpcidb  Using monitor tables to display information about the PCI Bridge  Preparing for and Maintaining Java in the Database  The Java runtime environment  Java classes in the database  Sybase runtime Java classes  User-defined Java classes  JDBC drivers  The JVM  Enabling Java  Installing Java classes in the database  Using installjava  Installing uncompressed JARs  Retaining the JAR file  Updating installed classes  Referencing other Java-SQL classes  Viewing information about installed classes and JARs  Downloading installed classes and JARs  Removing classes and JARs  Retaining classes  Using Java Classes in SQL  General concepts  Java considerations  Java-SQL names  Using Java classes as datatypes  Creating and altering tables with Java-SQL columns  Altering partitioned tables  Selecting, inserting, updating, and deleting Java objects  Invoking Java methods in SQL  Sample methods  Exceptions in Java-SQL methods  Representing Java instances  Assignment properties of Java-SQL data items  Datatype mapping between Java and SQL fields  Character sets for data and identifiers  Subtypes in Java-SQL data  Widening conversions  Narrowing conversions  Runtime versus compile-time datatypes  Treatment of nulls in Java-SQL data  References to fields and methods of null instances  Null values as arguments to Java-SQL methods  Null values when using the SQL convert function  Java-SQL string data  Zero-length strings  Type and void methods  Java void instance methods  Java void static methods  Equality and ordering operations  Evaluation order and Java method calls  Columns  Variables and parameters  Deterministic Java functions in expressions  Static variables in Java-SQL classes  Changes for static variables for Adaptive Server 15.0.3 and later  Changes for static variables for the Cluster Edition  Java classes in multiple databases  Scope  Cross-database references  Inter-class transfers  Passing inter-class arguments  Temporary and work databases  Java classes  Data Access Using JDBC  Overview  JDBC concepts and terminology  Differences between client- and server-side JDBC  Permissions  Using JDBC to access data  Overview of the JDBCExamples class  The main( ) and serverMain( ) methods  Using main( )  Using serverMain( )  Obtaining a JDBC connection: the Connecter( ) method  Routing the action to other methods: the doAction( ) method  Executing imperative SQL operations: the doSQL( ) method  Executing an update statement: the updater( ) method  Executing a select statement: the selecter( ) method  Calling a SQL stored procedure: the caller( ) method  Error handling in the native JDBC driver  The JDBCExamples class  The main( ) method  The serverMain( ) method  The connecter( ) method  The doAction( ) method  The doSQL( ) method  The updater( ) method  The selecter( ) method  The caller( ) method  SQLJ Functions and Stored Procedures  Overview  Compliance with SQLJ Part 1 specifications  General issues  Security and permissions  SQLJ Examples  Invoking Java methods in Adaptive Server  Using Sybase Central to manage SQLJ functions and procedures  SQLJ user-defined functions  Handling null argument values  Handling nulls when creating the function  Handling nulls in the function call  Deleting a SQLJ function name  SQLJ stored procedures  Modifying SQL data  Using input and output parameters  Returning result sets  Deleting a SQLJ stored procedure name  Viewing information about SQLJ functions and procedures  Advanced topics  Mapping Java and SQL datatypes  Using the command main method  SQLJ and Sybase implementation: a comparison  SQLJExamples class  Debugging Java in the Database  Supported Java debuggers  Setting up Java debugging  Configuring the server to support debugging  Attaching the remote debugger to the JVM debug agent  File and Network Access Using Java  File access using java.io  User identity and permissions  Specifying directories for file I/O: UNIX platforms  Mask syntax  Examples  Specifying directories for file I/O: Windows platforms  Mask syntax  Examples  File I/O changes  Rules for opening existing files  UNIX platforms  Windows platforms  Rules for creating files with a file open operation  Final file check  File access using java.net  Examples  Using socket classes  Using the URL classes  Additional Topics  JDK requirement for Java classes in the server  Assignments  Assignment rules at compile-time  Assignment rules at runtime  Allowed conversions  Transferring Java-SQL objects to clients  Suggestions for improving performance  Minimize the number of calls from SQL to the JVM  Use the java.lang.Thread class with care  Determine if you are running within the PCA/JVM  Avoid SQL loops in a multi-engine environment  Controlling access to native methods in the PCA/JVM  Unsupported Java API packages, classes, and methods  Restricted Java packages, classes, and methods  Unsupported java.sql methods and interfaces  Invoking SQL from Java  Special considerations  Transact-SQL commands from Java methods  Datatype mapping between Java and SQL  Java-SQL identifiers  Java-SQL class and package names  Java-SQL column declarations  Java-SQL variable declarations  Java-SQL column references  Java-SQL member references  Java-SQL method calls  Glossary  Job Scheduler Users Guide 16.0  Unified Agent and Agent Management Console Users Guide 2.0.2  About this book  Overview  What is Unified Agent?  Services provided  Agent Management Console  Installing and Configuring Unified Agent and Agent Management Console  Pre-installation tasks  Installing Unified Agent  Starting the JINI server  Starting and stopping Unified Agent  Starting Unified Agent as a service on UNIX platforms  Starting Unified Agent as a service on Windows platforms  Installing the Agent Management Console  Configuring Unified Agent  Post-configuration tasks  Security  Unified Agent security  Encryption  Authentication  Login modules  Security module control flags  Authorization  Role mappings  Permissions  Agent Management Console Features and Functionality  Managing look-up services  Creating a network lookup profile  Discovering Unified Agents  Deleting a network look-up profile  Changing a network look-up profile  Specifying a network plug-in name filter  Managing Unified Agents  Manually adding an agent  Connecting to an agent  Adding credentials  Disconnecting from an agent  Restarting an agent  Retrieving the agent log  Viewing and changing agent properties  Managing discovery adaptors  Creating a discovery adaptor  Deleting a discovery adaptor  Viewing and changing discovery adaptor properties  Setting discovery adaptor password  Managing security modules  Creating a security module  Deleting a security module  Ordering the security module authentication  Viewing and changing security module properties  Setting a security module password  Managing role mappings  Creating a role mapping  Managing agent services  Starting an agent service  Restarting an agent service  Stopping an agent service  Viewing agent service properties  Managing agent plug-ins  Loading an agent plug-in  Unloading an agent plug-in  Reloading an agent plug-in  Viewing agent plug-in properties  Server-based plug-ins  Pinging the server  Starting the server  Restarting the server  Stopping the server  Retrieving the server log  Managing attributes  Viewing attributes  Updating attribute values  Viewing properties and changing permissions  Managing operations  Viewing operations  Password Encryption and Security Configuration  Password encryption utility  Enabling Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) encryption  Adaptive Server agent plug-in server password encryption  Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) configuration  SNMP Agent Plug-in  Overview  Terminology  Sybase Adaptive Server MIB  Unified Agent SNMP services and plug-ins  UAF SNMP Service  UAF SNMP Service MIBs  Adaptive Server-to-SNMP client architecture  Security  Security for connections from Adaptive Server  Security for connections from SNMP  Configuring Adaptive Server for the SNMP Agent Plug-in  TDS services  UAF SNMP Agent Service  Adaptive Server runtime  Using the Adaptive Server SNMP Agent Plug-in  Viewing the SNMP information from NET-SNMP  Sybase MIB  Tabular Data Stream (TDS) Service  What is TDS?  Using the TDS service  UAF services  uaf_list_service_operations  uaf_list_services  uaf_list_service_operation_arguments  uaf_invoke_service_operation  uaf_list_service_attributes  uaf_get_service_attribute  uaf_set_service_attribute  UAF plug-ins  uaf_list_plugins  uaf_list_plugin_operations  uaf_list_plugin_operation_arguments  uaf_invoke_plugin_operation  uaf_list_plugin_attributes  uaf_get_plugin_attribute  uaf_set_plugin_attribute  TDS listener client examples  Setting up examples for the Adaptive Server client  Examples for configuring the Adaptive Server client  Examples for using the Adaptive Server client  Examples for configuring the Adaptive Server client  Reporting functionality and error recovery  Using Backup Server with IBM Tivoli Storage Manager 16.0  Using SAP Failover in a High Availability System 16.0  Web Services Users Guide 15.7 ESD #2  Understanding Adaptive Server Enterprise Web Services  Overview  Adaptive Server Enterprise Web Services  Advantages of ASE Web Services  Stored procedures and functions  SQL  Security  LDAP  User-defined Web services  Web services standards  XML  Example  XML document structure  WSDL  SOAP  SOAP message structure  Understanding the ASE Web Services Engine  Producer of Web services  Producer components  Producer Web methods  User-defined Web services  Consumer of Web services  Consumer components  SDS server  SOAP stack  Proxy tables  Web Services engine as a consumer versus producer  Installing and Configuring ASE Web Services  Installing Web Services  Configuring Web Services  Configuring during installation  Configuring after installation  Licensing  Configuration files  Security  Configuring SSL  Installing a certificate for Microsoft .NET  Using ASE Web Services  Using the ASE Web Services Engine  Starting and stopping the ASE Web Services Engine  Conditions  Verification  ASE Web Services methods  execute  login  logout  Using sp_webservices  add  help  list  modify  remove  Invoking a Web service  Using user-defined Web services  Commands for user-defined Web services  create service  drop service  Using sp_webservices with user-defined Web services  addalias  deploy  dropalias  listudws  listalias  undeploy  Security for user-defined Web services  Auditing for user-defined Web services  Auditing sp_webservices ‘deploy’  Auditing sp_webservices ‘undeploy’  ASE Web Services logging  Rolling over log files  Using Sybase Central  Sample Applications  Apache sample client  Creating the sample client  Using runexecute  Microsoft .NET sample client  Creating the sample client  Using Execute.exe  Troubleshooting  Troubleshooting issues  Remote server class definition setting  Unmapped RPC/encoded Web method  Truncated document/literal results  Starting ASE Web Services Engine  Locating WSDL  Specifying entries in ws.properties  Windows NT command-line arguments  Run or stop scripts fail  Null passwords  Specifying SOAP endpoints with SSL  Abnormal termination of sp_webservices ‘add’  Web Services proxy table restrictions  sysattributes table entry  Diagnostic tools  Detailed logging  Enabling JDBC-level tracing  Messages  Installation Contents  ASE Web Services directory tree  Configuration Properties  ws.properties  myres.properties  Specifying properties file entries  SOAP and Adaptive Server Enterprise Datatype Mapping  Datatype mapping  SOAP-to-ASE datatype mappings  ASE-to-SOAP datatype mappings for the create service command  Glossary  XA Interface Integration Guide for CICS, Encina, and TUXEDO 15.7  The Sybase XA Environment  Definitions  Overview of the X/Open DTP model  Components of the model  How the components communicate  How the components interact  Recovery  The Sybase XA environment  Components of the Sybase XA environment  Connections in the Sybase XA environment  Identifying connections via LRMs  Where is the connection information stored?  Establishing connections  Distributing work across LRMs  Configuring the XA Environment  Configuring Adaptive Server  Open string parameters for the DTM XA Interface  Open string parameters  dtm_tm_role required for username  Log file and trace flag parameters  Labels for logfile entries  xa_open() function behavior  XA configuration file for DTM XA Interface  Environment variable for specifying the configuration file  [all] section for defining common LRM parameters  Parameter definitions for [all] section  Editing the XA configuration file  Additional capabilities, properties, and options  Using the DTM XA Interface with CICS  Building the switch-load file  Compiling the switch-load file on IBM RISC System/6000 AIX  Compiling the switch-load file on HP9000 Series 800 HP-UX  Compiling the switch-load file on Sun Solaris 2.x (SPARC)  Adding a Sybase stanza to the CICS region XAD definition  Using the DTM XA Interface with Encina  Assigning an open string with monadmin create rm  Initializing LRMs with mon_RegisterRmi  Linking applications with DTM XA Interface libraries  Establishing connections  Using the DTM XA Interface with TUXEDO  Linking  Setting up the UBBCONFIG file  Creating the TUXEDO configuration file  Building the TMS  Building the COBOL runtime environment  Application Programming Guidelines  X/Open DTP versus traditional Sybase transaction processing  Managing transactions and connections  Managing transactions  Managing connections  The current connection  Nontransactional connections  Deallocating cursor function with Client-Library  Dynamic SQL  Obtaining a Client-Library connection handle  Multiple-thread environment issues  Caveats of thread use  Embedded SQL thread-safe code  Tightly coupled transactions  Linking with CT Library  Sample embedded SQL COBOL fragment  Sample embedded SQL C fragment  XML Services 15.7  Introduction to XML Services  XML capabilities  Overview  XML in the database  A sample XML document  HTML display of Order data  XML document types  XML Query Functions  XML query functions  Example sections  xmlextract  xmltest  xmlparse  xmlrepresentation  xmlvalidate  option_strings: general format  Option values for query functions.  XML Language and XML Query Language  Character set support  URI support  Namespace support  XML schema support  Predefined entities in XML documents  Predefined entities in XPath queries  White space  Empty elements  XML Query Language  XPath-supported syntax and tokens  XPath operators  XPath basic operators  XPath set operators  XPath comparison operators  XPath functions  General guidelines and examples  Functions  Parenthesized expressions  Parentheses and subscripts  Parentheses and unions  for xml Mapping Function  for xml clause  for xml subqueries  for xml schema and for xml all  XML Mappings  SQLX options  SQLX option definitions  SQLX data mapping  Mapping duplicate column names and unnamed columns  Mapping SQL names to XML names  Mapping SQL values to XML values  Numeric values  Character values  Binary values  XML Support for I18N  Overview  Unicode datatypes  Surrogate pairs  Numeric character representation  Client-server conversions  Character sets and XML data  I18N in for xml  Option strings  Numeric Character Representation in for xml  header option  Exceptions  Examples  Example 1  Example 2  Example 3  Example 4  Example 5  Example 6  Example 7  I18N in xmlparse  Options  Sort ordering in xmlparse  I18N in xmlextract  NCR option  Sort ordering in xmlextract  Sort ordering in XML Services  I18n in xmlvalidate  NCR option  xmltable()  Introduction  xmltable and derived table syntax  xmltable  The sample_docs Example Table  sample_docs table columns and rows  Sample_docs table columns  sample_docs table rows  sample_docs tables  Table script (for publishers table)  Publishers table representation  Titles table representation  XML Services and External File System Access  Getting Started  Enabling XML services and External File System Access  Character set conversions with external file systems  Examples  Setting up your XML documents and creating the proxy table  Example: extracting the book title from the XML documents  Example: importing XML documents or XML query results to an Adaptive Server table  Example: storing parsed XML documents in the file system  Example: 'xmlerror' option capabilities with External File Access  Example: specifying the 'xmlerror=message’ option in xmlextract  Example: parsing XML and non-XML documents with the 'xmlerror=message' option  Example: using the option 'xmlerror=null' for non-XML documents  Migrating Between the Java-based XQL Processor and the Native XML Processor  Introduction  Migrating documents and queries  Migrating documents between the Java-based XQL processor and the native XML processor  Migrating text documents between the Java-based XQL processor and the native XML processor  Migrating documents from regenerated copies  Regenerating text documents from the Java-based XQL processor  Regenerating text documents from the native XML processor  Migrating queries between the native XML processor and the Java-based XQL processor  Sample Application for xmltable()  Sample table  Using the depts document  The depts document structure  Creating SQL tables from the depts document  Normalizing the data from the depts document  Generating tables using select

SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 (Japanese)

SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise 16.0 (Simplified Chinese)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 SP121

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 SP110

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 SP100

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 SP60

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 SP50

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 ESD #4

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 ESD #3

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 ESD #2

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 ESD #2 (Japanese)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 ESD #2 (Simplified Chinese)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 (Japanese)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.7 (Simplified Chinese)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.5

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.5 - Simplified Chinese

Adaptive Server Enterprise 15.5 (Japanese)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 12.5.4

Adaptive Server Enterprise 12.5.4 (Simplified Chinese)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 12.5.4 (French)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 12.5.4 (Japanese)

Adaptive Server Enterprise 12.5.3

Adaptive Server Enterprise 12.5.2

Adaptive Server Enterprise 12.5.1

AppBuilder 1.0

Appeon 6.5.1 for PowerBuilder

Appeon 6.5 for PowerBuilder

Appeon 6.2 for PowerBuilder

Appeon 6.1 for PowerBuilder

Appeon 6.0 for PowerBuilder

Appeon 6.0 for PowerBuilder (Japanese)

Avaki EII 7.1

Avaki EII 7.0

Avaki EII 6.2

DataWindow .NET 2.5

DataWindow .NET 2.0.1

DataWindow .NET 2.0

EAServer 6.3.1

EAServer 6.3

EAServer 6.2

EAServer 6.1

EAServer 6.0.2

EAServer 6.0

EAServer 5.5

EAServer 5.3

EAServer 5.2.1

EAServer 5.2

EAServer 5.0.1

EDI Products 5.2.2

Enterprise Connect Data Access 15.7

Enterprise Connect Data Access 15.0.1

Enterprise Connect Data Access 15.0

Enterprise Connect Data Access 12.6.1

Enterprise Connect Data Access 12.6

Financial Fusion GlobalFIX 6.0

InfoMaker 12.5.2

InfoMaker 12.5

SAP jConnect for JDBC 16.0

jConnect for JDBC 7.07 SP110

jConnect for JDBC 7.07 SP100

jConnect for JDBC 7.07

jConnect for JDBC 7.0

jConnect for JDBC 6.05

jConnect for JDBC 5.5

M-Business Anywhere 7.0

M-Business Anywhere 6.7

Mainframe Connect 15.0

Mainframe Connect 12.6.1

Mainframe Connect 12.6

SAP Open Server 16.0

SAP Open Server 15.7 SP127

Open Server 15.7 SP121

Open Server 15.7 SP110

Open Server 15.7 SP100

Open Server 15.7

Open Server 15.5

Open Server 15.0, Open Client 15.0, and SDK 15.0

Open Server 12.5.1

Open Server 12.5.1 (Chinese-Simplified)

Open Server 12.5.1 (French)

OpenSwitch 15.1

SAP Sybase PowerAMC 16.5 SP03

SAP Sybase PowerAMC 16.5 SP02

PowerAMC 16.5

PowerAMC 16.1

PowerAMC 16.0

PowerBuilder 12.5.2

PowerBuilder 12.5.1

PowerBuilder 12.5

PowerBuilder Application Server Plug-in 1.1

PowerBuilder Application Server Plugin 1.0

SAP Sybase PowerDesigner 16.5 SP03

SAP Sybase PowerDesigner 16.5 SP02

PowerDesigner 16.5

PowerDesigner 16.1

PowerDesigner 16.0

Real-Time Data Services 4.5

Real Time Data Services 4.0

Real Time Data Services 3.5

Replication Agent 15.0

Replication Agent for DB2 UDB 15.0

SAP Replication Server 15.7.1 SP203

SAP Replication Server 15.7.1 SP202

SAP Replication Server 15.7.1 SP201

SAP Replication Server 15.7.1 SP200

SAP Replication Server 15.7.1 SP200 (Japanese)

SAP Replication Server 15.7.1 SP200 (Simplified Chinese)

Replication Server 15.7.1 SP110

Replication Server 15.7.1 SP100

Replication Server 15.7.1

Replication Server 15.7.1 (Japanese)

Replication Server 15.7.1 (Simplified Chinese)

Replication Server 15.7

Replication Server 15.6

Replication Server 15.5

Replication Server 15.2

Replication Server 15.1

Replication Server 15.0.1

Replication Server 15.0

SAP Replication Server Data Assurance Option 15.7.1 SP202

SAP Replication Server Data Assurance Option 15.7.1 SP200

Replication Server Data Assurance Option 15.7.1 SP110

Replication Server Data Assurance Option 15.7.1 SP100

Replication Server Data Assurance Option 15.7.1

Replication Server - Data Assurance Option 15.7.1 (Japanese)

Replication Server - Data Assurance Option 15.7.1 (Simplified Chinese)

Replication Server Data Assurance Option 15.7

SAP Replication Server, heterogeneous edition 15.7.1 SP200

Replication Server Heterogeneous Edition 15.7.1 SP100

Replication Server Heterogenous Edition 15.7.1

Replication Server Heterogenous Edition 15.7.1 (Japanese)

Replication Server Heterogenous Edition 15.7.1 (Simplified Chinese)

Replication Server Heterogenous Edition 15.6

Replication Server Heterogeneous Edition 15.2

Replication Server Messaging Edition 15.7.1 [SP100]

Replication Server Messaging Edition 15.7.1

Replication Server Messaging Edition 15.2

Replication Server Option for Oracle 15.7.1 ESD #2

SAP Replication Server Options 15.7.1 SP201

SAP Replication Server Options 15.7.1 SP200

Replication Server Options 15.7.1 SP120

Replication Server Options 15.7.1 SP100

Replication Server Options 15.7.1

Replication Server Options 15.7.1 (Japanese)

Replication Server Options 15.7.1 (Simplified Chinese)

Replication Server Options 15.6

Replication Server Options 15.5

Replication Server Options 15.2

Replication Server Options 15.1

Replication Server Options 15.0

Replication Server Real-Time Loading Edition 15.7.1 ESD #2

SAP Mobile Platform SDK 3.0 SP02

SAP Mobile Platform Server 3.0 SP02

SAP Mobile Platform SDK 3.0 and SP01

SAP Mobile Platform 2.3 SP04

SAP Mobile Platform 2.3 SP03

SAP Mobile Platform 2.3 SP02

SAP Mobile Platform 2.3

SAP Sybase RAP 5.0

SDK for SAP ASE 16.0

Software Developers Kit 15.7 SP127

Software Developer's Kit 15.7 SP121

Software Developer's Kit 15.7 SP110

Software Developer's Kit 15.7 SP100

Software Developer's Kit 15.7

Software Developer's Kit 15.5

Software Developer Kit 15.0

Software Developer Kit 12.5.1

SQL Anywhere 12.0.1

SQL Anywhere 12.0.0

SQL Anywhere 11.0.1

SQL Anywhere 11.0.0

SQL Anywhere 10.0.1

SQL Anywhere 10.0

Sybase Aleri Streaming Platform 3.1

Sybase Aleri Streaming Platform 3.2

Sybase Brand Mobiliser 1.3

Sybase Brand Mobiliser 1.2

Sybase Brand Mobiliser 1.1

Sybase CEP Option R4

SAP Control Center 3.3

Sybase Control Center 3.2.8 ESD2

Sybase Control Center 3.2.8 ESD1

Sybase Control Center 3.2.8

Sybase Control Center 3.2.7

Sybase Control Center 3.2.6

Sybase Control Center 3.2.5

Sybase Control Center 3.2.4

Sybase Control Center 3.2.3

Sybase Control Center 3.2.1

Sybase Control Center 3.2

Sybase Control Center 3.1.1

Sybase Control Center 3.1

Sybase Control Center 3.0.1

Sybase Control Center 3.0

Sybase ETL 4.9

Sybase ETL 4.9 (Simplified Chinese)

Sybase ETL 4.9 (Japanese)

Sybase ETL 4.8

Sybase ETL 4.8 - Simplified Chinese

Sybase ETL 4.8 - Japanese

SAP Sybase Event Stream Processor 5.1 SP04

SAP Sybase Event Stream Processor 5.1 SP03

SAP Sybase Event Stream Processor 5.1 SP02

Sybase Event Stream Processor 5.1 SP01

Sybase Event Stream Processor 5.1

Sybase Event Stream Processor 5.0

Sybase Event Stream Processor 5.0 (Japanese)

SAP Sybase IQ 16.0 SP04

SAP Sybase IQ 16.0 SP03

SAP Sybase IQ 16.0 SP03 (Japanese)

SAP Sybase IQ 16.0 SP03 (Simplified Chinese)

SAP Sybase IQ 16.0 SP2

SAP Sybase IQ 16.0 SP01

SAP Sybase IQ 16.0

Sybase IQ 15.4

Sybase IQ 15.4 (Japanese)

Sybase IQ 15.4 (Simplified Chinese)

Sybase IQ 15.3

Sybase IQ InfoPrimer 15.3

Sybase IQ 15.3 (Japanese)

Sybase IQ 15.3 (Simplified Chinese)

Sybase IQ 15.2

Sybase IQ 15.2 - (Japanese)

Sybase IQ 15.2 (Simplified Chinese)

Sybase IQ 15.1

Sybase IQ 15.1 (Japanese)

Sybase IQ 15.1 - Simplified Chinese

Sybase IQ 15.0

Sybase mBanking 365 3.0

Sybase mBanking 365 2.1

Sybase mBanking 365 2.0

Sybase Mobile Sales for SAP CRM 1.2.1

Sybase Mobile Sales for SAP CRM 1.2

Sybase Mobile Sales for SAP CRM 1.1

Sybase Mobile Sales for SAP CRM 1.0

Sybase Mobile Workflow for SAP Business Suite 1.2.1

Sybase Mobile Workflow for SAP Business Suite 1.2

Sybase Mobile Workflow for SAP Business Suite 1.1

Sybase Mobiliser Platform 5.1 SP03

Sybase Mobiliser Platform 5.1

Sybase Mobiliser Platform 5.0

Sybase SAP DOE Connector 2.1

Sybase SAP DOE Connector 2.0

Sybase Search 3.1

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.2 SP05

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.2 SP04

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.2 SP03

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.2

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.1 ESD #3

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.1 ESD #2

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.1 ESD #1

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.1

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.0 ESD #1

Sybase Unwired Platform 2.0

Sybase Unwired Platform 1.5.5

Sybase Unwired Platform 1.5.3

Sybase Unwired Platform 1.5.2

Sybase Unwired Platform 1.2.4

Sybase Unwired Platform 1.2.2

Sybase Unwired Platform 1.2.1

Sybase Unwired Platform 1.2

Sybase WorkSpace 2.5

Sybase WorkSpace 2.1.2

Sybase WorkSpace 2.1

Sybase WorkSpace 2.0.2

SyBooks 3.4

SyBooks 3.0.1

SySAM Documentation

SySAM Documentation - Japanese

SySAM Documentation - Simplified Chinese

SyBooks Online Infocenter Help