Transact-SQL reserved words

The words in Table 5-1 are reserved by Adaptive Server as keywords (part of SQL command syntax). They cannot be used as names of database objects such as databases, tables, rules, or defaults. They can be used as names of local variables and as stored procedure parameter names.

To find the names of existing objects that are reserved words, use sp_checkreswords in Reference Manual: Procedures.

Table 5-1: List of Transact-SQL reserved words

Words

A

add, all, alter, and, any, arith_overflow, as, asc, at, authorization, avg

B

begin, between, break, browse, bulk, by

C

cascade, case, char_convert, check, checkpoint, close, clustered, coalesce, commit, compute, confirm, connect, constraint, continue, controlrow, convert, count, count_big, create, current, cursor

D

database, dbcc, deallocate, declare, decrypt, default, delete, desc, deterministic, disk, distinct, drop, dummy, dump

E

else, encrypt, end, endtran, errlvl, errordata, errorexit, escape, except, exclusive, exec, execute, exists, exit, exp_row_size, external

F

fetch, fillfactor, for, foreign, from

G

goto, grant, group

H

having, holdlock

I

identity, identity_gap, identity_start, if, in, index, inout, insensitive, insert, install, intersect, into, is, isolation

J

jar, join

K

key, kill

L

level, like, lineno, load, lock

M

materialized, max, max_rows_per_page, min, mirror, mirrorexit, modify

N

national, new, noholdlock, nonclustered, nonscrollable, non_sensitive, not, null, nullif, numeric_truncation

Note Although “new” is not a Transact-SQL reserved word, since it may become a reserved word in the future, Sybase recommends that you avoid using it (for example, to name a database object). “New” is a special case (see “Potential ANSI SQL reserved words” for information on other reserved words) because it appears in the spt_values table, and because sp_checkreswords displays “New” as a reserved word.

O

of, off, offsets, on, once, online, only, open, option, or, order, out, output, over

P

partition, perm, permanent, plan, prepare, primary, print, privileges, proc, procedure, processexit, proxy_table, public

Q

quiesce

R

raiserror, read, readpast, readtext, reconfigure, references, remove, reorg, replace, replication, reservepagegap, return, returns, revoke, role, rollback, rowcount, rows, rule

S

save, schema, scroll, scrollable, select, semi_sensitive, set, setuser, shared, shutdown, some, statistics, stringsize, stripe, sum, syb_identity, syb_restree, syb_terminate

T

table, temp, temporary, textsize, to, tracefile, tran, transaction, trigger, truncate, tsequal

U

union, unique, unpartition, update, use, user, user_option, using

V

values, varying, view

W

waitfor, when, where, while, with, work, writetext

X

xmlextract, xmlparse, xmltest, xmlvalidate