Client/server architecture divides the work of computing between “clients” and “servers.”
Clients make requests of servers and process the results of those requests. For example, a client application might request data from a database server. Another client application might send a request to an environmental control server to lower the temperature in a room.
Servers respond to requests by returning data or other information to clients, or by taking some action. For example, a database server returns tabular data and information about that data to clients, and an electronic mail server directs incoming mail toward its final destination.
Client/server architecture has several advantages over traditional program architectures:
Application size and complexity can be significantly reduced, because common services are handled in a single location, a server. This simplifies client applications, reduces duplicate code, and makes application maintenance easier.
Client/server architecture facilitates communication between various applications. Client applications that use dissimilar communications protocols cannot communicate directly, but can communicate through a server that “speaks” both protocols.
Client/server architecture enables applications to be developed with distinct components, which can be modified or replaced without affecting other parts of the application.
