If the source is a database that provides ascending indicator for insertions, updates, or deletions (like auto increments, modification dates, and so forth.) the DB Data Provider Index Load component can be used to read records changed since the last load only. See “DB Data Provider Index Load”.
Use a Staging component to load relevant data from both the source and target to the same database. New, modified, and deleted records are then detected by extracting data from the stage using a full outer join. See “DB Staging”.