SUM function [Aggregate]

SUM( [ ALL | DISTINCT ] expression )

SUM( [ ALL ] expression ) OVER ( window-spec )

window-spec : see Syntax 2 instructions in the Remarks section below

[ ALL ] expression The name of the expression to be summed. This is commonly a column name.
DISTINCT expression Computes the sum of the unique values of expression within each group.

INTEGER
DOUBLE
NUMERIC

Rows where the specified expression is NULL are not included.

Returns NULL for a group containing no rows.

Syntax 2 represents usage as a window function in a SELECT statement. As such, elements of window-spec can be specified either in the function syntax (inline), or in conjunction with a WINDOW clause in the SELECT statement. See the window-spec definition for the WINDOW clause.

For more information about using window functions in SELECT statements, including working examples, see Window functions.

For more information about specifying a window specification in an OVER clause, see Window definition: Inlining using the OVER clause and WINDOW clause.

This function can generate an overflow error, resulting in an error being returned. You can use the CAST function on numeric-expression to avoid the overflow error. See CAST function [Data type conversion].

SQL/2008 Core feature. When used as a window function (Syntax 2), SUM comprises part of optional SQL/2008 language feature T611, "Basic OLAP operations".
The ability to specify DISTINCT over an expression that is not a column reference comprises part of optional SQL language feature F561, "Full value expressions". SQL Anywhere also supports SQL/2008 language feature F441, "Extended set function support", which permits operands of aggregate functions to be arbitrary expressions possibly including outer references to expressions in other query blocks that are not column references.

SQL Anywhere does not support optional SQL/2008 feature F442, "Mixed column references in set functions". SQL Anywhere does not permit the arguments of an aggregate function to include both a column reference from the query block containing the SUM function, combined with an outer reference. See Aggregate functions and outer references.

For an example, see AVG function [Aggregate].

The following statement returns the value 3749146.740.

SELECT SUM( Salary )
FROM Employees;

SUM function [Aggregate]

Syntax 1

Syntax 2

Parameters

Returns

Remarks

See also

Standards and compatibility

Example