Returns values from the last row of a window.

Syntax

LAST_VALUE( expression[ { RESPECT | IGNORE } NULLS ] )
OVER ( window-spec )

window-spec : see the Remarks section below

Parameters

Returns

Data type of the argument.

Remarks

The LAST_VALUE function allows you to select the last value (according to some ordering) in a table, without having to use a self-join. This is valuable when you want to use the last value as the baseline in calculations.

The LAST_VALUE function takes the last record from the partition after doing the ORDER BY. Then, the expression is computed against the last record and results are returned.

If IGNORE NULLS is specified, the last non-NULL value of expression is returned. If RESPECT NULLS is specified (the default), the last value is returned whether or not it is NULL.

The LAST_VALUE function is different from most other aggregate functions in that it can only be used with a window specification.

Elements of window-spec can be specified either in the function syntax (inline), or in conjunction with a WINDOW clause in the SELECT statement. See the window-spec definition provided in WINDOW clause.

For more information about using window functions in SELECT statements, including working examples, see Window functions.

See also

• Window aggregate functions
• FIRST_VALUE function [Aggregate]

Standards and compatibility

Example

The following example returns the salary of each employee, plus the name of the employee with the highest salary in the same department:

SELECT GivenName + ' ' + Surname AS employee_name, 
       Salary, DepartmentID,
       LAST_VALUE( employee_name ) OVER Salary_Window AS highest_paid
FROM Employees
WINDOW Salary_Window AS ( PARTITION BY DepartmentID ORDER BY Salary 
                          RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING 
                          AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING );

Jose Martinez makes the highest salary in department 500, and Scott Evans makes the highest salary in department 400.