Use this statement to select an execution path based on multiple cases.
CASE value-expression WHEN [ constant | NULL ] THEN statement-list ... [ WHEN [ constant | NULL ] THEN statement-list ] ... [ ELSE statement-list ] END [ CASE ]
CASE WHEN [ search-condition | NULL] THEN statement-list ... [ WHEN [ search-condition | NULL] THEN statement-list ] ... [ ELSE statement-list ] END [ CASE ]
Syntax 1 The CASE statement is a control statement that allows you to choose a list of SQL statements to execute based on the value of an expression. The value-expression is an expression that takes on a single value, which may be a string, a number, a date, or other SQL data type. If a WHEN clause exists for the value of value-expression, the statement-list in the WHEN clause is executed. If no appropriate WHEN clause exists, and an ELSE clause exists, the statement-list in the ELSE clause is executed. Execution resumes at the first statement after the END CASE.
If the value-expression can be null, use the ISNULL function to replace the NULL value-expression with a different expression.
Syntax 2 With this form, the statements are executed for the first satisfied search-condition in the CASE statement. The ELSE clause is executed if none of the search-conditions are met.
If the expression can be NULL, use the following syntax for the first search-condition:
WHEN search-condition IS NULL THEN statement-list |
Do not confuse the syntax of the CASE statement with that of the CASE expression. See CASE expressions.
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SQL/2003 Persistent Stored Module feature.
The following procedure using a case statement classifies the products listed in the Products table of the SQL Anywhere sample database into one of shirt, hat, shorts, or unknown.
CREATE PROCEDURE ProductType (IN product_ID INT, OUT type CHAR(10)) BEGIN DECLARE prod_name CHAR(20); SELECT Name INTO prod_name FROM Products WHERE ID = product_ID; CASE prod_name WHEN 'Tee Shirt' THEN SET type = 'Shirt' WHEN 'Sweatshirt' THEN SET type = 'Shirt' WHEN 'Baseball Cap' THEN SET type = 'Hat' WHEN 'Visor' THEN SET type = 'Hat' WHEN 'Shorts' THEN SET type = 'Shorts' ELSE SET type = 'UNKNOWN' END CASE; END; |
The following example uses Syntax 2 to generate a message about product quantity within the SQL Anywhere sample database.
CREATE PROCEDURE StockLevel (IN product_ID INT) BEGIN DECLARE qty INT; SELECT Quantity INTO qty FROM Products WHERE ID = product_ID; CASE WHEN qty < 30 THEN MESSAGE 'Order Stock' TO CLIENT; WHEN qty > 100 THEN MESSAGE 'Overstocked' TO CLIENT; ELSE MESSAGE 'Sufficient stock on hand' TO CLIENT; END CASE; END; |
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