Common elements in SQL syntax

This section lists language elements that are found in the syntax of many SQL statements.

  • column-name   An identifier that represents the name of a column.

  • condition   An expression that evaluates to TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN.

  • connection-name   A string representing the name of an active connection.

  • data-type   A storage data type.

  • expression   An expression. A common example of an expression in syntax is a column name.

  • filename   A string containing a file name.

  • hostvar   A C language variable, declared as a host variable preceded by a colon.

  • materialized-view-name   An identifier that represents the name of a materialized view.

  • number   Any sequence of digits followed by an optional decimal part and preceded by an optional negative sign. Optionally, the number can be followed by an E and then an exponent. For example:
    42
    -4.038
    .001
    3.4e10
    1e-10

  • owner   An identifier representing the user ID who owns a database object.

  • query-block   A query block is a simple query expression, or a query expression with an ORDER BY clause.

  • query-expression   A query expression can be a SELECT, UNION, INTERSECT, or EXCEPT block (that is, a statement that does not contain an ORDER BY, WITH, FOR, FOR XML, or OPTION clause), or any combination of such blocks.

  • role-name   An identifier representing the role name of a foreign key. In conceptual database modeling, a verb or phrase that describes a relationship from one point of view. You can describe each relationship with two roles. Examples of roles are "contains" and "is a member of."

  • savepoint-name   An identifier that represents the name of a savepoint.

  • search-condition   A condition that evaluates to TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN.

  • special-value   A special value.

  • statement-label   An identifier that represents the label of a loop or compound statement.

  • statement-list   A list of SQL statements, each ending with a semicolon.

  • string-expression   An expression that resolves to a string.

  • table-list   A list of table names, which may include correlation names.

  • table-name   An identifier that represents the name of a table.

  • userid   An identifier representing a user name.

  • variable-name   An identifier that represents a variable name.

  • window-name   An identifier that represents a window name. Used in syntax related to window definition (for example, the WINDOW clause, and window functions such as RANK).

 See also